aortic valve regurgitation Flashcards
1
Q
AR definition
A
- blood moves backward through AV from aorta to LV during diastole
2
Q
four groups of mechanisms that can cause AI
A
- cuspal
- aortic root dilation
- aortic root distortion
- loss of commissural support
3
Q
what are some cuspal abnormalities
A
congenital
rheumatic
prolapse
endocarditis
4
Q
rheumatic AV disease
A
- cusp tissue is infiltrated with fibrous tissue causing them to contract and shorten
- prevents cuspal apposition leading to AI
- associated with AS
- associated with MR AND MS
5
Q
aortic valve prolapse
A
- cusp leaflet tips displaced below valve ring
- due to degeneration or rheumatic
- secondary to dilation or trauma
6
Q
endocarditis
A
- veg destroys AV
- may also cause perforation
7
Q
whats the most common cause of acute severe AI
A
infective endocarditis
8
Q
how to we measure the aorta
A
leading edge to leading edge
9
Q
AI jet height formula
A
AI JET/LVOTd
mild <25%
severe >65%
10
Q
AI vena contracta values
A
<3mm
>6mm
11
Q
what does flow reversal seen in the abdominal aorta indicate?
A
severe AI
12
Q
pressure half time values for AI
A
mild >500
severe <200
higher number = less severe
more steep = more severe
13
Q
AV regurtitant fraction values
A
mild <30%
severe >50%
