Mitosis &the Cell Cycle

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

•produced daughter cells (23 chromosomes from each parent)

Question 2

What are the stages of interphase?

Answer 2

•prophase
•metaphase
•anaphase
•telophase and cytokinesis

Question 3

What happens in prophase ?

Answer 3

•chromosomes condense (short and thick)
•centrioles move to opposite poles of cells and develops spindle fibres (spindle apparatus)
•nucleolus disappears , nuclear envelope breakdown leaving chromosomes free

Question 4

What happens in metaphase?

Answer 4

•chromosomes visible as 2 chromatids (identical copy’s from each parent cell) joined by centromere
•chromosomes pulled along the spindle apparatus and arrange at equator of cell

Question 5

What happens in anaphase?

Answer 5

•centromeres divide
•spindle fibres pull individual chromatids
•chromatids move to opposite poles and now called chromosomes (energy provided by mitochondria)

Question 6

What happens in telophase and cytokinesis?

Answer 6

•chromosomes are longer and thinner and reach each pole
•spindle fibres disintegrate
•nuclear envelope and nucleolus reform
•in cytokinesis cytoplasm divides

Question 7

Hoe does cell division take place in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 7

•circular DNA replicate and attach to cell membrane
•plasmid replicate
•cell membrane grows and cytoplasm divides
•cell wall forms between dna molecules forming identical daughter cells

Question 8

What is meiosis?

Answer 8

•produces 4daughter cells
•each with half number of chromosomes of parent cells

Question 9

How do viruses replicate ?

Answer 9

•non living can’t undergo cell division
•replicate attaching to host cell with their attachment proteins
•inject nucleic acid into their host cell
•genetic info gives instructions for host cell

Question 10

What are the stages of the cell cycle ?

Answer 10

•interphase (90%of cell cycle where no division happens)
•nuclear division (mitosis )
•discussion of cytoplasm (cytokinesis)