Mitosis & Meiosis

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of mitosis?

Answer 1

The primary purpose of mitosis is to produce two genetically identical daughter cells for growth and repair.

Question 2

True or False: Mitosis results in four daughter cells.

Answer 2

False: Mitosis results in two daughter cells.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Mitosis is a type of _____ cell division.

Answer 3

asexual

Question 4

What phase comes after metaphase in mitosis?

Answer 4

Anaphase

Question 5

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 5

Mitosis produces two identical cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse cells.

Question 6

During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Answer 6

Prophase I

Question 7

True or False: Meiosis results in the formation of gametes.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the end product of meiosis?

Answer 8

Four haploid cells; 4 gametes

Question 9

In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell’s equatorial plane?

Answer 9

Metaphase

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which of the following occurs during telophase? A) Chromosomes condense B) Nuclear envelopes reform C) Spindle fibers shorten D) Chromosomes line up

Answer 10

B) Nuclear envelopes reform

Question 11

What is the significance of meiosis in sexual reproduction?

Answer 11

Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, ensuring genetic diversity in offspring.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The process by which a cell divides its nucleus and cytoplasm is called _____

Answer 12

cytokinesis

Question 13

What are sister chromatids?

Answer 13

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome, joined at the centromere.

Question 14

True or False: All cells undergo meiosis.

Answer 14

False: Only germ cells undergo meiosis.

Question 15

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Answer 15

Anaphase I

Question 16

What is the role of spindle fibers during mitosis?

Answer 16

Spindle fibers help separate the chromosomes during cell division.

Question 17

Multiple Choice: What type of cells undergo meiosis? A) Somatic cells B) Germ cells C) Epithelial cells D) All cells

Answer 17

B) Germ cells

Question 18

What is a diploid cell?

Answer 18

A diploid cell contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, _____, and telophase.

Answer 19

anaphase

Question 20

True or False: Meiosis includes two rounds of cell division.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the term for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

Answer 21

Crossing over

Question 22

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Answer 22

Interphase

Question 23

Multiple Choice: Which phase is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes in the center of the cell? A) Prophase B) Metaphase C) Anaphase D) Telophase

Answer 23

B) Metaphase

Question 24

What is the role of the centromere?

Answer 24

The centromere holds sister chromatids together and is the attachment point for spindle fibers.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The two main types of cell division are _____ and meiosis.

Answer 25

mitosis

Question 26

True or False: Mitosis leads to genetic variation.

Answer 26

False: Mitosis produces genetically identical cells.

Question 27

What happens during prophase of mitosis?

Answer 27

Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

Question 28

During which phase of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?

Answer 28

Anaphase II

Question 29

Multiple Choice: How many chromosomes are present in a human somatic cell? A) 23 B) 46 C) 92 D) 12

Answer 29

B) 46

Question 30

What is the function of the cell cycle checkpoints?

Answer 30

Cell cycle checkpoints ensure that the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase and maintain genomic integrity.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: The stage of meiosis that reduces the chromosome number by half is _____ I.

Answer 31

Anaphase

Question 32

True or False: Cytokinesis occurs simultaneously with telophase.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Answer 33

Haploid cells have one set of chromosomes, while diploid cells have two sets.

Question 34

Multiple Choice: What is the result of nondisjunction during meiosis? A) Normal chromosome number B) Monosomy C) Trisomy D) Both B and C

Answer 34

D) Both B and C

Question 35

What occurs during interphase?

Answer 35

Interphase is the phase where the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for division.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: In humans, sperm and egg cells are _____ cells.

Answer 36

haploid

Question 37

True or False: Chromosomes are duplicated during prophase of meiosis.

Answer 37

False: Chromosomes are duplicated during interphase, before meiosis begins.

Question 38

What is the outcome of meiosis II?

Answer 38

Meiosis II results in four haploid cells from the two haploid cells produced in meiosis I.

Question 39

Multiple Choice: Which phase of mitosis is the last phase? A) Prophase B) Metaphase C) Anaphase D) Telophase

Answer 39

D) Telophase

Question 40

What is the key event that occurs during anaphase?

Answer 40

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: Mitosis is essential for _____ and tissue repair.

Answer 41

growth

Question 42

True or False: Meiosis creates genetic diversity through independent assortment.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

What is the term for the physical location of a gene on a chromosome?

Answer 43

Locus

Question 44

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a phase of interphase? A) G1 B) S C) G2 D) All of the above

Answer 44

D) All of the above

Question 45

What is the result of fertilization?

Answer 45

Fertilization results in the formation of a diploid zygote.