mitosis + meiosis

Question 1

G1 phase

Answer 1

growth phase 1

Question 2

S phase

Answer 2

DNA replication

Question 3

G2 phase

Answer 3

The second growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.

Question 4

Prophase (mitosis)

Answer 4

The chromatin thickens into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate. Pairs of centrioles move to opposite sides of the cell and spindle fibers begin to form. The mitotic spindle, formed from cytoskeleton parts, moves chromosomes around within the cell.

Question 5

Prometaphase (Mitosis)

Answer 5

The nuclear membrane disintegrates. Chromosomes now start to attach to microtubules linked to centrioles.

Question 6

Metaphase (mitosis)

Answer 6

Spindle moves to the center of the cell and chromosome pairs align along the center of the spindle structure.

Question 7

Anaphase (Mitosis)

Answer 7

the pairs of chromosomes, called sisters, begin to pull apart, and may bend. When they are separated, they are called daughter chromosomes. Grooves appear in the cell membrane.

Question 8

Telophase (mitosis)

Answer 8

The spindle disintegrates, and the nuclear membrane reform, and the chromosomes revert to chromatin. In animal cells, the membrane is pinched. In plants, a new cell wall begins to form.

Question 9

Prophase I (Meiosis)

Answer 9

chromosomes condense using histone proteins and become paired. Paired chromosomes will connect with each other via structures called the synaptonemal complexes ( also known as synapsis). An important event called crossing-over occurs at this point. Genetic material is exchanged between sister chromatids, resulting in a random assembly of homologous chromosomes.

Question 10

Metaphase I (Meiosis)

Answer 10

Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell.

Question 11

Anaphase I (Meiosis)

Answer 11

Homologous chromosomes separate

Question 12

Telophase I (Meiosis)

Answer 12

Cytoplasm divides, 2 daughter cells are formed

Question 13

Prophase II

Answer 13

a spindle forms and aligns the chromosomes. No crossing-over occurs.

Question 14

Metaphase II

Answer 14

The duplicated chromosomes move to the center. This time, however, when they are pulled apart, each daughter cell won’t have the same copy of a sister chromatid.

Question 15

Anaphase II

Answer 15

sister chromatids separate

Question 16

telophase II

Answer 16

cells split apart, resulting in 4 unique daughter cells

Question 17

Interphase (Mitosis)

Answer 17

Cell prepares for division by replicating its genetic and cytoplasmic material. Can be further divided into G1, S, and G2.

Question 18

Diploid

Answer 18

(genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number

Question 19

Haploid

Answer 19

(genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes

Question 20

Cytokinesis

Answer 20

This is the physical splitting of the cell (including the cytoplasm) into two cells. It begins during anaphase, as the cell begins to furrow, and is completed following telophase.

Question 21

Interphase I (Meiosis)

Answer 21

Similar to mitosis interphase; nucleus and nucleolus visible; chromosomes replicate during S phase of interphase; each duplicated chromosome consist of two identical sister chromatids attached at their centromeres; centriole pairs also replicate

Question 22

homolgues

Answer 22

In mitosis, sister chromatids are pulled apart, whereas in meiosis I, ______ are pulled apart

Question 23

kinetochore microtubules

Answer 23

Connects the centrosome with the kinetochore in the centromere region of the chromosome.