a&p Flashcards
What is a characteristic of viral herpes
Skin Eruption
When a boxer gets hit & has a deviated septum?
Vomer (in nose)
Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory?
Pharynx
A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in?
Arm, inability to abduct arms and fingers
Which bone does not articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid Bone
Which of the following statements best describes endocrine glands?
secrete chemicals into the blood
- growth
- metabolism
- sexual development and function
Diet is important because bone are storage places for?
Calcium & Phosphorus
Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and urinary system?
Urethra
Ligaments provide which connection?
Bone to bone
Which structure conducts urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder?
Ureter
Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation cause by which molecule?
Lactic Acid
As a part of the negative feedback system, which type of cell is stimulated to re-absorb bone matrix in response to a decrease in calcium in the blood?
Osteoclasts (break down bone so it can release Ca+ into interstitial fluid)
Sweat on the skin’s surface cools the body through which process?
Evaporation
When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian and the nurse notes that she has a unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten a large amount of?
Carrot and squash
Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward?
Palms facing anterior
Which structure is a ball & socket joint?
Shoulder
Which anatomical structure houses the malleus, incus & stapes?
Skull & Ear
What are like cells grouped together called?
Tissue
The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery?
Popliteal
Ceruminous (aprocrine) glands secrete?
Earwax
What type of synovial joint is the elbow?
Hinge
What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated / increased?
Cardiac output
Where does digestion begin in the digestive system
Oral cavity
Which cell structure regulates the transport of substances in & out of a cell?
Plasma Membrane
The mediastinum is located within which cavity?
Thoracic cavity
What is the effect of Serotonin, a neurotransmitter?
Involved with mood, anxiety, sleep, happiness, appetite
What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted?
H2O is re-absorbed from urinary filtrate
What is the function of thrombocytes (platelets)?
Blood clotting
Which muscle of the quad femoris group lies on the outer side surface of lower extremity?
Vastus Lateralis
Which structure is located on the sternum
Xiphoid Process
The occipital region is located in which part of the body?
Head / Skull
Which structure carries oxygen to the cells?
Hemoglobin
Which gland is commonly known as the “Master Gland?”
Pituitary Gland
A sprain occurs when there is a tear in which structures?
Ligament
What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis?
Eccrine gland (Merocrine / Sweat gland)
Which statement are true about bone?
Osteoblasts (build up of bone), Epiphysial (end of bone), Diaphysis (shaft of bone)
Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body?
Eye (in front of eye, between the lens & cornea)
The malleus, incus & stapes are located in which part of the body?
Ear
Dorsiflexion & Plantarflexion are types of joint movement that are associated with which part of the body
Foot
Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs?
Pulmonary vein (Remember pulmonary is heart, veins take deoxygenated blood back to the heart, Arteries carry oxygen & nutrients away from the heart)
Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning
Temporal Lobe
What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing?
Cochlea
Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure?
Fallopian tubes (also called uterine tubes)
Where is the tibialis anterior muscle located?
Lower leg
An over production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area?
External ear and canals
The mitral valve is located between which two structures?
Left ventricle and left atrium
The olfactory nerve is associated in which sense?
Smell
Vessel carries blood from the body to the heart?
Vena cava
Hormones produced by the ovaries?
Estrogen and Progesterone
Plane divides the body into left and right sides?
Sagittal
Two divisions that make up the nervous system?
PNS & CNS (Peripheral & Central)
The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What are is he describing?
Epiphysis
Part of the brain that attaches to the spinal cord?
Medulla oblongata
Which term is used to describe movement of arms and legs away from the midline of the body?
Abduction (AB = Away from)
Structure that provides a pulse reading in the neck?
Carotid artery
Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland?
Oxytocin & ADH (Antidiuretic hormone) (ADH is also known as Vasopressin)
What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
Carry oxygen
What stimulates chemoreceptors to function?
rise in CO2; Fall in o2
Which condition causes a client to say, “I can’t see far away?”
Nearsightedness (Think opposite, far is near, near is far)
What is the function of golgi apparatus?
- packaging proteins for secretion
- transports lipids around the cell
What organ produces insulin?
Pancreas
Fertilization occurs in the?
oviduct
When drawing blood from antecubital region, which blood vessel is used to obtain blood?
Median cubital
What hormone induces growth of public and axillary hair at puberty?
Testosterone & Estrogen
Increase rate of breathing results in what blood pH change?
Alkalosis
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Regulates balance and thermoregulation
How many carbs per gram do carbs contain?
4
When water molecules move across the cell membrane from high to low concentration, this procress is called?
Osmosis
What is the result of carbon dioxide in the body?
Body becomes more acidic
What part of the body is the lower back?
Lumbar
High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest?
Potassium
What blood vessels perfuses (goes through) the kidney?
Renal vein (this vein drains the kidney)
What gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea?
Thyroid gland
In white blood cells, what contributes to phagocytosis?
Macrophages and neutrophils
What structure of the eye picks out color?
Retina
What is the most protective layer of the skin?
Epidermis
The organ of corti is located in the?
Ear
Where in the body are nutrients absorbed?
Small intestine
The Rough ER functions in the human cells to?
Synthesize proteins
Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in?
Protein
What is the definition of chyme?
Semi-fluid mass of partially digested food expelled by the stomach in the duodenum
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers
What female reproductive organ produces occytes, estrogen, & progesterone?
Ovaries
What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules?
Cilia
Which is a hollow organ?
Gall bladder
Which muscle(s) is included in the quad femoris group?
Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius
Which structure is resposible for normal respiratory function?
Medulla oblongta
Client has large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect?
Low blood pressure, sickness, head hurting, vision problems
Which structures produce B-lymphocytes?
Red bone marrow
What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulation is increased?
Blood pressure rises & goose bumps
The buttocks are which surface of the body?
Dorsal
The esophagus is located in which body cavity?
Thoracic
The tympanic membrane is located between which structures?
External auditory canal & middle ear
How many days is the average menstrual cycle?
28 days
Which structure produces T-lymphocytes?
Thymus
Calcaneus is located in?
Foot
Urinary system in the human body primary task is to?
Expel waste
Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for preganancy?
Corpus luteum
What are finger prints made of?
Friction ridges
ABCD of cancer?
Melanoma
Which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organ be found?
Pelvic region
Which one up angle (increases) at the joint?
Extensor
Which hormone is released by posterior lobe?
Oxytocin & ADH (ADH is known as Vasopressin)
Order of organization of living things?
Organelle, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms, Populations, Communities, Ecosystem, Biosphere
All living things are made up of?
Cells
What bones are formed first during intramembranous ossification?
Flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and the clavicles.
Most obvious skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
Active transport requires?
Requires energy (ATP) from cell
Passive transport?
Does not require energy
Diffusion is?
Movement of molecules or particles along a concentration gradient, high to low concentration
Osmosis is?
Movement of water across a membrane (high to low concentration)
Fibrous joints are?
Stationary & held together by ligaments only
Cartilaginous is?
Connection between articulating bones made up of cartilage
Synovial joints are?
Freely mobile
Types of asexual reproduction?
binary fission and mitosis
What is the eustachian tube?
Links the nasopharynx to the middle ear
Calciferol (aka vitamin D) is controlled by?
Parathyroid hormone
Sebaceous gland function?
Secretes oil
What is endocytosis?
Engulfs and brings in (endo = internal)
What is exocytosis?
Fuses with plasma membrane & releases contents outside of the cell (exo = exit)
Pituitary gland produces?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone and growth hormone
What does adrenal gland secrete?
Cortisol & Aldosterone
Aerobic respiration takes place in?
Mitochondria and requires oxygen and glucose to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy
Anaerobic respiration produces?
Energy and uses glucose, but produces less energy and does NOT require oxygen
What parts of the respiratory system are in the lower respiratory?
Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
Aerobic respirations happens in the presence of?
Oxygen
What is the soft spot on a baby’s head?
Fontanelle
Layers of the epidermis?
Stratum Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale
The top of the sternum is called?
Manubrium
Parts of the sternum?
Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid Process
What makes up most plasma?
Water
Polypeptides are?
Chains of amino acids
What is mitosis?
The process of cell division that occurs in five stages before pinching two daughter cells in a process called cytokinesis
What is Meiosis?
Is to make haploid gametes and production of germ cells.
Ribs are attached to the?
Sternum
