mitosis - cells topic Flashcards
REST OF TOPIC
What is the role of mitosis and the cell cycle?
To produce identical daughter cells for growth and asexual reproduction.
Are the cells produced by mitosis genetically identical?
Yes, all cells produced by mitosis are genetically identical, therefore mitosis does not give rise to genetic variation.
What are the three stages of the cell cycle?
Mitosis, Interphase, and Cytokinesis.
What occurs during mitosis?
Mitosis is a form of cell division that produces identical cells, consisting of four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
What happens during interphase?
The cell grows and prepares to divide; chromosomes and some organelles are replicated, and chromosomes begin to condense.
What occurs during cytokinesis?
The parent and replicated organelles move to opposite sides of the cell, and the cytoplasm divides, producing two daughter cells.
Why is mitosis important for growth?
All cells produced are identical, allowing organisms to grow using mitosis.
How does mitosis aid in repair?
Mitosis allows organisms to replace dead tissues with identical cells.
How do some single-celled organisms reproduce?
Some single-celled organisms, like yeast, reproduce by dividing into two identical daughter cells via mitosis.
What is binary fission?
The process by which prokaryotic cells divide.
What are the steps of binary fission?
- The circular DNA replicates and attaches to the cell membrane. 2. The cell membrane grows between the DNA molecules and pinches inwards. 3. A new cell wall forms, dividing the original cell.
What do the identical daughter cells from binary fission contain?
Each daughter cell has a single copy of the circular DNA and a variable number of plasmid copies.
Do viruses undergo cell division?
No, viruses are non-living and do not undergo cell division; the infected host cell replicates the virus particles.
