Mitosis and Meiosis / Organ Systems Flashcards
How do most cells divide? What does the process create?
Most cells divide via mitosis. This process creates diploid (a pair of chromosomes cells) which are typically capable of beginning the process again.
What is Meiosis?
Meiosis is a similar process of cell division used in the creation of sex cells. The cells are haploid (only one chromosome) and must join with another gamete (sex cell, sperm or egg) in order to continue division.
Is this Meiosis or Mitosis? A situation where a sex cell is being produced. If the process is happening in the overy or testes of an animal. It is after fertilization has occurred and we have an embreyo growing into a fetus, etc.. what stage would this be?
Would still be MITOSIS. only forming the cells themselves in the FORMATION of a sperm or ova that we see meiosis taking place.
Why are Organism systems important?
they have a purpose within the organism they exist.
What is the nervous system?
The nervous system is comprised of the brain, spinal cord, and other nerves. The nerve cells all kind of look like brooms. Whiskers at the end are called dendrites. They receive info and pass it through the axon. The axon is wrapped in Myelin sheath that holds energy. That energy gets transferred to the next cell across a gap called the synapse or the synaptic gap. Happens again, relay between nerve cells.
Myelin Sheath
holds energy
Dendrites
whiskers at the end of a nerve cell. they recieve information and pass it through the axon
What is the Cerbral cortex?
made up of four different lobes. responsible for higher functioning. Spatial awareness, conscious thought and reasoning, processing vision. inter structures inside cortex, memory, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus
What does the Cerebellum do?
Responsible for timing of motor movement. When you know the exact time to swing when hitting a ball. Fine motor-timed movement. Internal time mechanism.
What is the brain stem?
base of where the brain connects to spinal cord. Basic life support functions. respiration, heart rate, digestion.
What is the digestive system responsible for?
What are some things associated/within the digestive system?
The Digestive system is responsible for breaking down and absorbing food. Eat the food, chew it, breaking down food.
salivary glands, esophagus, stomach. pancreas, (large and small) intestine, rectum
How do we break down food?
-Eat food, chew it, coating it with saliva from salivary glands.
-passes down esophagus and into stomach
-your stomach has a mucus lining that protects it from eating itself, and sphincters are at each end that close the stomach off.
-digestive acids are produced by organs such as the pancreas
-and those digestive acids break down the food further. When sphincters fail, the acid gets into your esophagus, which causes heartburn (or that’s what your feeling)
-after breaking down, it passes through small intestine (this is where we absorb nutrition, not in our stomach) long winding track.
The depleated food gets absorbed into the large intestine (or colon) then gets passed into rectum (POOP!)
