Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards
Cells and the cell cycle
What is the reproduction of offspring from one parent?
Asexual
Describe binary fission?
One cell splits into two
How do cells divide in budding?
They split unequally
Some plants reproduce by using runners? What type of reproduction is this?
Vegetative Propagation
What is regeneration? Which animals do this?
Growing of another limb
Starfish, lizards, tadpoles
What is a gamete?
Male or female sex cell
sperm or egg
What is produces when an egg and sperm are fused
zygote
What does each daughter cell contain as a result of mitosis?
Same number of chromosomes
What is the time between mitosis called?
Interphase
What are chromatids?
short thick rods that are a single strand of chromosomes
outside the nucleus
What holds chromosomes together?
centromere:middle of chromosomes
What process follows mitosis?
cytokinesis
Where is the cell plate formed?
Plant cell during telophase. In between two plant cells when they start to separate. Cell plant then turns into cell wall
Which process prevents the doubling of chromosomes?
meiosis
What are the spots of the cell cycle and what is happening in each step?
-Interphase: cell doubles in size
-Prophase:Chromosomes find a pair
-Metaphase:they line up in the middle
-Anaphase: they pull the chromosomes apart
-Telophase: pinching of the nucleus can form cell if it is an animal cell. Plant cell produces cell plate
IPMATC
Meiosis actually does what to chromosomes of body cells?
splits them in half
How many chromosomes are in a human sex cell?
23
What is a homologous chromosomes?
Homologous chromosomes: when the one chromosomes pair. pairs with another chromosomes pair. Same chromosomes with genes of the same traits in the same order
What is a polar body?
Polar body: when a female cell during meiosis receives little or no cytoplasm
Which type of reproduction increases variation?
sexual reproduction