mitosis and meiosis

Question 1

haploid

Answer 1

A cell with a single set of chromosomes. In humans, egg and sperm cells are haploid, containing 23 chromosomes each.

Question 2

diploid

Answer 2

A cell with two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. In humans, somatic cells are diploid, containing 46 chromosomes (22 pairs of autosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes).

Question 3

formation of gametes

Answer 3

males: meiosis results in 4 equal cells, all of which are incredibly tiny
females: meiosis results in on ootid that has almost all of the cytoplasm and 3 polar bodies that disintegrate

Question 4

cytokinesis

Answer 4

pinches cell in half

Question 5

mitosis

Answer 5

produces 2 identical cells

Question 6

meiosis

Answer 6

produces 4 cells which have one half of each parent cell

Question 7

centromeres

Answer 7

connect sister chromatids together during cell, and DONT divide in meiosis 1

Question 8

G1

Answer 8

cell doubles in volume and replaces lost items

Question 9

S

Answer 9

cell duplicates the DNA

Question 10

G2

Answer 10

finishing touches on growth

Question 11

chromatids

Answer 11

one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division

Question 12

chromosome

Answer 12

made of DNA tightly coiled around proteins called histones

Question 13

histones

Answer 13

Histones bind to DNA, help give chromosomes their shape, and help control the activity of genes.

Question 14

nucleosome

Answer 14

a section of DNA that is wrapped around a core of proteins called histones