enzymes

Question 1

dna helicase

Answer 1

unwinds double helix at replication forks by breaking hydrogen bonds, alowwing strands to separate

Question 2

dna topoisomerase

Answer 2

relaxes supercoiled dna by breaking sugar/phosphate backbone, allowing replication to occur

Question 3

dna primase

Answer 3

creates short rna segments called primers that act as starting points for dna polymerase to begin building new strand during dna replication

Question 4

dna polymerase

Answer 4

copies dna by assembling new dna strands from existing ones. BINDS TO DOUBLE SIDED NUCLEOTIDE CHAINS ONLY

Question 5

dna polymerase III

Answer 5

builds new dna strands during replication by adding nucleotides to create a copy of the original dna molecule

Question 6

dna polymerase I

Answer 6

repairs dna by removing rna primers used to start replication and filling in gaps in the dna strand

Question 7

dna ligase

Answer 7

joins broken pieces of dna by forming a chemical bond between them

Question 8

okazaki fragments

Answer 8

short dna segments that form during dna replication when lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously. ALLOWS FOR SYNTHESIS FOR BOTH DAUGHTER STRANDS

Question 9

telomeres

Answer 9

end segments of dna without genes, but of short dna sequences that act as a protective cap for chromosomes. SHORTEN AS WE AGE AND CAN NO LONGER REPLICATE WHEN TOO SHORT

Question 10

telomerase

Answer 10

enzymes that lengthens telomeres