Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards
Mitosis
The growth and to replace worn-out cells.
General Process
Mitosis
The general process of mitosis is nuclear division in eukaryotic cells, which occurs when a parent cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells.
Phases
Mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Mitosis
Chromosomes become visible, centrosomes separate and migrate toward opposite poles, and mitotic spindles and asters form.
Metaphase
Mitosis
Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. A fully formed spindle attaches to the sister chromatids from opposite poles.
Anaphase
Mitosis
Centromere splits in half; sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes; spindle fibers pull chromosomes to opposite poles.
Telophase
Mitosis
A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes decondense.
Meiosis
reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction.
General Process
Meiosis
a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information
Phases
Meoisis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Meiosis
the pairs of homologous chromosomes come together to form a tetrad or bivalent, which contains four chromatids. Recombination can occur between any two chromatids within this tetrad structure.
Metaphase
Meiosis
homologous chromosomes are grouped. These pairs are pulled apart in the following phase (Anaphase I).
Anaphase
Meiosis
the homologs are pulled apart and move to opposite ends of the cell. The sister chromatids of each chromosome, however, remain attached and don’t come apart.
Telophase
Meiosis
the chromosomes arrive at opposite poles of the cell.
Both
- Chromosomes are replicated
- Chromatin, chromosomes
- Nuclear Membrane disappears
- Chromatids separate
- Cytokensis
