Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards
What is mitosis
The division of the genetic material into two new cells. The new cells are called daughter cells
First stage of the Cell Cycle
G1: The new cell grows to full size
Second stage of the cell cycle
S: The genetic material (DNA) doubles, or replicates
Third stage of the cell cycle
G2: The cell prepares to divide
Fourth stage of the cell cycle
Cell Division: (Mitosis) The division of the nucleus
(Cytokinesis) The division of the rest of the cell
What is Interphase
It is the longest part of the cell cycle, This is when the cell grows and copies its DNA before moving into mitosis.
First stage of Mitosis
Prophase: Chromosomes start to appear
The nuclear membrane disappears
The spindle forms
Second stage of Mitosis
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in a single line across the cell. The DNA has now condensed into chromosomes, two strands of chromosome are connected at the centre with centromere.
Third stage of Mitosis
Anaphase: Half of the chromosomes are pulled to one side of the cell, half go the other way. When the chromosomes get to the side of the cell, its time to move on to telophase.
Fourth stage of Mitosis
Telophase: The nuclear envelope begins to synthesize again along the separated chromosomes.
Final stage of Mitosis
Cytokinesis: Cytokinesis pinches the cell membrane in the middle.
Cell membrane closes in and splits the cell into two.
Now we have two separate cells , each with half the original DNA
What is the significance of Mitosis
Mitosis helps in restoring wear and tear in body tissues, replacement of damage or lost parts, healing of wounds, and regeneration of detached parts.
What is Meiosis
Meiosis is the process of cell division that produces haploid gametes
What are haploid gametes
Haploid gametes
