Mitosis and Cytokinesis 4.3.2

Question 1

What is anaphase?

Answer 1

Sister chromatids separate at kinetochores

-cell elongates and poles move farther apart

Question 2

What are centrioles?

Answer 2

Responsible for the spindle fibers that guide the chromosomes during mitosis
-within cytoskeleton

Question 3

What are the phases of mitosis?

Answer 3

PMAT + C

Question 4

What is a centromere?

Question 5

What are centrosomes?

Question 6

What is metaphase?

Answer 6

Sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell

Kinetochores - proteins attached to the centromeres of sister chromatids (help guide)

-spindle fibers (attached to kinetochores coordinate movement)

-middle

Question 7

What are microtubules?

Question 8

What is the mitotic spindle?

Question 9

What is prophase?

Answer 9

First primary phase of mitosis and marks transition of the cell cycle from interphase to M phase
-chromatin condenses into chromatids (sister)
-nucleolus disappears and nuclear membrane breaks down
-start to see the chromatids form at first (static inside, defined space, yarn form)

Question 10

What is prometaphase?

Question 11

What are sister chromatids?

Question 12

What are spindle fibers?

Question 13

What is telophase?

Answer 13

Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles

-nuclei/nuclear envelop start to form
-still attach a little it
-cell is doing checks and making sure everything is okay
- mitosis is over after this step

Question 14

What are poles?

Answer 14

North vs south, in terms of direction

centrioles move to poles in animal cells (opposite ends)

Question 15

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 15

Final separation of the cells

-cell cycle starts over the again after this step

Plant Cells
- cell plat forms
-have a thick cell wall so harder to pitch off
-vesicles from the Golgi fuse to form two cells membrane