mitosis Flashcards
mitosis
the process by which the nucleus of a cell divides while maintaining the chromosome number
asexual reproduction
reproduction with only one parent, offspring identical to the parent
sexual reproduction
a new individual is produced by the union of the nuclei of two specialized sex cells
chromatin
the material of which chromosomes are composed
chromosomes
rod like structures in cells that undergo division and that contain hereditary information of the organism
chromatids
one of the two strands of a doubled chromosome
karyokinesis
during cell division the process of partition of the cells nucleus into the daughter cells
cytokinesis
the division of the cytoplasm of the cell after mitosis, the cell divides into 2 parts, each containing one of the newly formed nuclei and half of the other contents of the parent cell
centrosome
a organelle that is the main place where cell microtubules are organized. it regulated the cell division cycle, the stages which lead up to the one organelle cell dividing into two
centromere
the region of attachment of two sister chromatids
centrioles
cylindrical organelles found near the nucleus in animal cells that are involved in mitosis
spindle fibers
involved in moving and segregating the chromosomes during nuclear division. made up of microtubules
asters
star shaped structures formed during mitosis in animal cells by fibers from the centrioles
cleavage furrow
the indentation of the cells surface that begins the progression of cleavage, by which animal cells undergo cytokinesis
cell plate
a structure formed during cytokinesis in a plant cell that divides the cell in half, forming part of the new cell walls of the daughter cells
genetic material in form of chromatin
interphase
genetic material is replaced (duplicated)
interphase
cellular organelles (including centrioles) are synthesized
interphase
cell grows in size
interphase
chromatin condensed into chromosomes (pairs up)
prophase
centrioles begin to move to poles
prophase
spindle fibers begin to form and attach to chromosomes
prophase
nuclear membrane and nucleolus begin to breakdown and disappear
prophase
chromosomes align along equatorial plate(moves to middle)
metaphase
centrioles have reached the poles
metaphase
nuclear membrane and nucleolus are completely gone
metaphase
spindle fibers are completely connecting chromosome to centrioles
metaphase
duplicate chromosomes begin to move to the poles (apart)
anaphase
spindle fibers shorten
anaphase
cells begin to elongate
anaphase
cell begin to “separate” into two new cells
anaphase
chromosomes reach the ends (poles) of cells (terminals)
telophase
chromosomes relax back into chromatin
telophase
spindle fibers detach and dissociate from chromosomes
telophase
nuclear membrane and nucleus reform
telophase
cell continues to separate into two new cells
telophase
process by which the cytoplasm is completely separated into two daughter cells
cytokinesis
(made by photosynthesis) glucose ->
cellulose
