lenin and stalin Flashcards
causes of the russian revolution
czarist rule
peasant unrest
problems with urban workers
diversity and nationalism
czarist rule
in the late 1800s czars alexander III and nicholas II failed to industrialize russia.
government was seen as corrupt.
the czars used secret police to repress reforms.
what was the social class system of russia
ridged social class
peasants were…
poor
not have enough food
could not own land
what were the problems of urban workers
long hours
little pay
lived in slums
poverty and disease
diversity and nationalism
russia contained many ethnic groups.
all people were required to think and act as russians.
ethnic groups wanted their independence (nationalism)
revolution of 1905
january 22 1905
a peaceful march begins in hope of influencing the czar on social reforms
bloody sunday
nicholas II hears the march and calls in his soilders.
the soilders shot and killed many marchers.
the people have no faith in the czar.
revolts begin across russia.
czar nicholas II is forced to make reforms.
duma
legislative body (laws). czar shows some of his power with the people.
world war I / end of czar
russia is not industrialized.
russia does poorly in the war.
many lose confidence in the military leaders and the czar.
soilders revolt.
the march 1917 revolution
march 1917 the lack of food, fuel, and housing causes rioters to march the streets. soilders called to stop the riots join the protectors.
the czar loses control over his military. czar nicholas II gives up the throne
when does lenin take control
the bolshevik revolution
marx and communism
marx believed that for a country to become communist it must be fully industrialized. however l russia was not industrialized. no need for government. marx believed when the country was industrialized the workers can rise up and over throw the government
lenin and communism
lenin’s chief goal was to create a classless society. he wanted a workers revolution, however the county was mostly agricultural not industrial. allowed for private business men and peasants to hold land. wanted to rise standard living. lenin beloved the upper educated should control the government.
lenins promises
lenin was allowed to return home after the march revolution. lenin promised to end problems in russia.
what problems did lenin want to end in russia
russia’s involvement in the war. land reforms for peasants. end to food shortages.
the april thesis
peace land and bread (lenin)
what were problems with russia
not fully industrialized(still agrarian). most of the country was made up of peasants not factory workers.
bolsheviks
the soon to be communist party of russia. bolsheviks would guide the revolution. since russia lacked a large working class the bolsheviks were to lead the revolution by replacing the working class.
what happened in november 1917?
the people in russia stopped supporting the provisional government. the bolsheviks led by soilders, sailors, and factory workers take over the government.
what does lenin call the party
the communist
what does the communist do
distributes land to the peasants. gives workers control of the factories and mines.
how does lenin end russia’s involvement in world war 1
by signing the Brest-Litousk Treaty. (russia gives up large portions of land to get out of war.)
russia’s civil war
from 1918-1921 lenin’s red army battled against the white army which was loyal to the czar.
red army
loyal to lenin. used the secret police to find enemies. executed thousands who opposed the revolution. executed the czar and his family. they won. the communist and lenin control russia.
white army
lost to czar. tried to associate lenin. slaughtered thousands of communist. had a aid from britain and france. they lost.
the communist party
became the only legal party in russia. had all power. only members of the communist party could run for office. used the secret police and military to enforce control. RUSSIA was now a one party system of government which lenin had all control.
in 1917 the communist…
took over all the banks factories mines and railroads. the take over resulted in economic disaster for russia.
NEP mean
new economic policy
NEP
government (banks trade communism)
small business to create goods (free market economy capitalism)
resulted in mixed economy.
in 1922
the communist took control all of russia
the name union of soviet socialist republics is given to
russia
when did lenin die
1924
stalin
born into poverty. not well educated. seen as a crude man, cold, hard, cruel. would become one of the most brutal leaders in history.
what is a totalitarian dictator
control both peoples public and private lives
what happened in 1928
stalin obtained the government (he turned the soviet union into a totalitarian state)
what do totalitarian leaders do
centralize the government. control every aspect of public and private life. limit values such as freedom, dignity, and individual worth.
