Mitosis Flashcards
What is the main purpose of cell division?
To survive and grow.
What do chromosomes contain?
Genetic information.
What type of cells have two copies of each chromosome?
Diploid cells.
From whom do diploid cells receive their chromosomes?
One from the mother and one from the father.
What process do body cells undergo to divide?
Mitosis.
What is produced during the cell cycle?
New cells for growth and repair.
What is asexual reproduction?
Reproduction that occurs through mitosis, such as in strawberry plants forming runners.
What happens to DNA in a non-dividing cell?
It is spread out in long strings.
What are the four stages of mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
What occurs during prophase?
The membrane around the nucleus breaks down and chromosomes lie free in the cytoplasm.
What happens during metaphase?
The chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell.
What is the role of spindle fibers during anaphase?
They pull the chromosomes apart.
What forms around the sets of chromosomes during telophase?
Membranes that become the nuclei of the two new cells.
What is cytokinesis?
The process where the cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two separate cells.
What type of cells are produced at the end of mitosis?
Genetically identical diploid cells.
What is the formula to calculate the number of cells after multiple divisions by mitosis?
Number of cells = 2^n, where ānā is the number of divisions.
If a cell undergoes 5 divisions of mitosis, how many cells will there be?
32 cells.
What is each arm of the chromosome called?
chromatids which are an exact duplicate of each other
How can a student tell whether a cell is undergoing mitosis?
By observing the distinct stages of chromosome alignment and separation.
Before mitosis occurs interphase needs to happen. What takes place during interphase?
The cell grows to increase the amount of sub cellular structures like ribosomes and mitochondria. Then it duplicates its DNA.
What are the steps of the cell cycle in order?
1.) Interphase
2.) Prophase
3.) metaphase
4.) anaphase
5.) telophase
