Cell Division And Growth Flashcards
What is growth?
An increase in size or mass.
What processes are involved in growth for plants and animals?
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Division
- Cell Elongation
Define cell differentiation.
The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job.
What is the main process of growth in animals?
Cell division.
How does cell division change as animals reach adulthood?
Cells divide at a fast rate while young, then mostly divide for repair in adulthood.
In plants, what primarily contributes to growth in height?
Cell elongation. This is where a plant expands making the cell bigger and so making it grow
Where does cell division mainly happen in plants?
In the tips of the roots and shoots (meristems).
What is cancer a result of?
Uncontrolled cell division.
What controls the rate of cell division?
Chemical instructions (genes) in an organism’s DNA.
What is a mutation?
A random change in a gene.
What are growth charts used for?
To assess a child’s growth over time and highlight any problems.
What three measurements are taken to monitor a baby’s growth?
- Length
- Mass
- Head circumference
What does the 50th percentile on a growth chart indicate?
The mass that 50% of babies will have reached at a certain age.
What should doctors investigate regarding a baby’s size on growth charts?
- Above the top percentile line
- Below the bottom percentile line
- Changes of two or more percentile lines over time
- Inconsistent patterns
Fill in the blank: Cell elongation is a process used for growth in _______.
[plants]
True or False: In most animals, cell differentiation is retained throughout life.
False
What is a tumour?
A mass of abnormal cells resulting from uncontrolled cell division.
What happens if a tumour invades and destroys surrounding tissue?
It is called cancer.
