Mitosis

Question 1

What is the purpose of Mitosis?

Answer 1

Growth and repair

Question 2

Chromosome # of Mitosis?

Answer 2

Same as the parent

Question 3

Where does Mitosis occur?

Answer 3

Somatic cells

Question 4

When does Mitosis occur?

Answer 4

Throughout life

Question 5

What duplicated chromosomes called?

Answer 5

Sister chromatids

Question 6

What are chromatids held together by?

Answer 6

Centromere

Question 7

Acronym for Mitosis and what do they stand for?

Answer 7

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase

Question 8

What are the 5 stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 8

Interphase(G1, Synthesis, G2), Mitosis, and Cytokinesis

Question 9

What happens in G1?

Answer 9

1st growth stage after cell division

Cells mature by making more cytoplasm &
organelles

Cell carries on its normal metabolic activities

Question 10

What happens in Synthesis?

Answer 10

DNA is copied or replicated

Question 11

What happens in G2?

Answer 11

All cell structures
needed for division
are made (e.g.
centrioles)

Both organelles &
proteins are
synthesized

Question 12

What is Mitosis

Answer 12

Division of the
nucleusAlso called
karyokinesis

Only occurs in
eukaryotes

Has four stages

Doesn’t occur in
some cells such as
brain cells

Question 13

What happens in Early Prophase?

Answer 13

Chromatin in nucleus condenses to form
visible chromosomes

Mitotic spindle forms from fibers in
cytoskeleton or centrioles (animal)

Question 14

What happens in Late Prophase?

Answer 14

Nuclear membrane & nucleolus are
broken down

Chromosomes continue condensing & are
clearly visible

Spindle fibers called kinetochores attach
to the centromere of each chromosome

Spindle finishes forming between the poles
of the cell

Question 15

What happens in Metaphase?

Answer 15

Chromosomes, attached to the kinetochore
fibers, move to the center of the cell

Chromosomes are now lined up at the
equator

Question 16

What happens in Anaphase?

Answer 16

Occurs rapidly

Sister chromatids
are pulled apart
to opposite poles
of the cell by
kinetochore
fibers

Question 17

What happens in Telophase?

Answer 17

Sister chromatids at opposite poles

Spindle disassembles

Nuclear envelope forms around each set
of sister chromatids

Nucleolus reappears

CYTOKINESIS occurs

Chromosomes reappear as chromatin

Question 18

What happens in Cytokinesis?

Answer 18

Means division of the cytoplasm

Division of cell into two, identical
halves called daughter cells

In plant cells, cell plate forms at the
equator to divide cell

In animal cells, cleavage furrow forms
to split cell

Question 19

What are the Checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 19

G1 gap phase 1 – does the cell have enough energy? Is it large
enough?

S synthesis phase – DNA replication: Cyclins/cyclin dependent
kinase (CDKs) signal the division

G2 gap phase 2 – cell size/energy reserves are assessed. More
importantly: have ALL chromosomes been replicated without
mistakes/damaged?

M checkpoint (metaphase): aka spindle checkpoint – are the sister
chromatids attached correctly?