Mitosis

Question 1

what is the significance of mitosis

Answer 1

1. to produce two genetically identical daughter cells for growth and cell replacement
2. to produce two genetically identical daughter cells for asexual reproduction

Question 2

what does the cell cycle consist of?

Answer 2

cell growth -> DNA replication -> prep for mitosis -> mitosis

Question 3

interphase G1

Answer 3

cell grows, more cytoplasm, membrane, cellular proteins, organelles and energy stores (10 hours long)

Question 4

interphase S

Answer 4

synthesis of DNA, DNA replicates (9 hours long)

Question 5

interphase G2

Answer 5

centrioles replicate ready for mitosis (4 hours long)

Question 6

prophase

Answer 6

chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope disappears, centrioles migrate to opposite sides of cell and spindle formation completes

Question 7

metaphase

Answer 7

chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell, chromosomes become attached to spindle fibres by their centromeres

Question 8

anaphase

Answer 8

spindle fibres shorten by enzymes and pairs of chromatids are pulled apart.

Question 9

telophase

Answer 9

chromosomes decondense and a new nuclear envelope forms around each group of chromosomes

Question 10

cytokinesis

Answer 10

cells split down the equator resulting in two daughter cells

Question 11

why do bacteria not use mitosis

Answer 11

their DNA isn’t wrapped around histone proteins to make chromosomes