mitosis

Question 1

What happens in interphase? (NOT A PART OF MITOSIS)

Answer 1

-Cell grows
-DNA is replicated - consist of two identical sister chromatids which shorten and thicken as DNA supercoils
-undergoes cell processes

Question 2

What happens in metaphase?

Answer 2

-the pairs of chromatids attach to the spindle threads at the equator region by their centromeres

Question 3

What happens in anaphase?

Answer 3

-centromere of each pair of chromatids splits
-motor proteins walking along the tubulin threads pull each sister chromatid of a pair in opposite directions towards opposite poles
-because centromere goes first, chromatids (now called chromosomes) assume a v shape

Question 4

What happens in telophase?

Answer 4

-separated chromosomes reach the poles
-a new nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes
-the cell now contains two nuclei each, genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell from which they arose

Question 5

What happens in prophase?

Answer 5

-nuclear envelope breaks down
-centrioles divide and two new daughter centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell (in animal cells)
-cytoskeleton tubulin threads form a spindle between the centrioles - in plants this is formed from the cytoplasm

Question 6

What happens in cytokinesis?

Answer 6

-cytoplasm splits into two so that each new cell contains a nucleus
-in animal cells - plasma membrane folds inwards and ‘nips in’ the cytoplasm
-in plant cells- an end plate forms where the equator of the spindle was and new plasma membrane and cellulose cell wall material are laid down on either side along this end plate