Mitosis Flashcards

(areas covered: mitosis, stages of the cell cycle)

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1
Q

What is the cell cycle?

A

The process where cells in multicellular organisms divide to produce new cells

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2
Q

List the stages of the cell cycle in order.

A
  • Interphase
  • Prophase
  • Metaphase
  • Anaphase
  • Telophase
  • Cytokinesis
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3
Q

What is mitosis?

A

A part of the cell cycle, split into the four stages of prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

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4
Q

Which processes is cell division by mitosis involved in?

A
  • Growth
  • Repair
  • Asexual reproduction
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5
Q

Describe what happens during the interphase stage of the cell cycle.

A
  • Cell grows and increases the amount of subcellular structures it has
  • It then duplicates its DNA to ensure the two new cells each have a full set of DNA
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6
Q

Describe what happens during the prophase stage of the cell cycle.

A
  • Chromosomes condense, getting shorter and fatter
  • Membrane around nucleus breaks down, chromosomes lie free in cytoplasm
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7
Q

Describe what happens during the metaphase stage of the cell cycle.

A

The chromosomes line up along the centre of the cell

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8
Q

Describe what happens during the anaphase stage of the cell cycle.

A
  • Spindle fibres pull chromosomes apart
  • Chromatids are then pulled to opposite ends of the cell
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9
Q

Describe what happens during the telophase stage of the cell cycle.

A
  • Membranes form around each of the sets of chromosomes
  • These become the nuclei of the two new cells
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10
Q

Describe what happens during the cytokinesis stage of the cell cycle.

A
  • (Happens just before telophase ends)
  • The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two separate cells
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11
Q

What is the result of cell division by mitosis?

A

The production of 2 new, genetically identical, diploid daughter cells

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