Cells Flashcards
(areas covered: eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells, structures of plant, animal and bacterial cells)
What is a eukaryotic cell?
A cell that contains a nucleus
What is a prokaryotic cell?
A cell that doesn’t have a nucleus
Recall the organelles in an animal cell.
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Cell membrane
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
Recall the organelles in a plant cell.
- Nucleus
- Ribosomes
- Cytoplasm
- Cell membrane
- Mitochondria
- Cell wall
- Vacuole
- Chloroplasts
Recall the organelles in a bacterial cell.
- Cell wall
- Cytoplasm
- Chromosomal DNA
- Ribosomes
- Cell membrane
- Plasmid DNA
- Flagellum
Describe the function of the nucleus.
Contains chromosomes that control activities of the cell
Describe the function of cytoplasm.
- A gel-like substance where most chemical reactions happen
- Contains enzymes that control these reactions
Describe the function of the cell membrane.
Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
Describe the function of mitochondria.
To release energy via respiration
Describe the function of ribosomes.
They are the site of protein-synthesis
Describe the function of the cell wall.
- Supports and strengthens cell
- Made from cellulose
Describe the function of a vacuole.
- Contains cell sap
- Maintains internal pressure to support cell
Describe the function of chloroplasts.
- Site of photosynthesis
- Contain a green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs light for photosynthesis
Describe the function of chromosomal DNA.
- Controls cell’s activities and replication
- Floats free in cytoplasm
Describe the function of plasmid DNA.
- Small loops of extra DNA that aren’t part of chromosome
- Contains genes for things like drug resistance
