Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

Question 1

What does pyruvate utilize to enter the mitochondria?

Answer 1

Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC)

Question 2

What occurs if the PDC is always phosphorylated

Answer 2

PDC is inactive
Glucose is converted to lactate rather than Acetyl CoA
Lactate acidosis

Question 3

3 inhibitors of PDH

Answer 3

NADH
Acetyl CoA
ATP

Question 4

2 stimulators of PDH

Answer 4

Pyruvate

ADP

Question 5

-a ketoglutarate is used as a precursor for the synthesis of which AA’s

Answer 5

Glutamate, Gln, Pro, Arg

Question 6

OAA is used as a precursor for the development of which AA’s

Answer 6

Asp and Asn

Question 7

Where does ox phos occur

Answer 7

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 8

3 goals of oxphos

Answer 8

1. Transfer of e- from NADH and FADH2 to O2
2. Establish H+ gradient across inner membrane of mitochondria
3. Produce ATP

Question 9

Factors that constitute pmf

Answer 9

1. pH gradient

2. Membrane potential

Question 10

Oligomycin

Answer 10

Inhibitor that disrupts proton transport through the channel

Question 11

Which ETC complex does not pump protons across the membrane

Answer 11

II

Question 12

What are the inhibitors of complex I

Answer 12

Amytal
Rotenone
Myxothiazol
Piericidin

Question 13

Inhibitor(s) of complex II

Answer 13

Malonate

Question 14

Inhibitor(s) of complex III

Answer 14

Antimycin

Question 15

Inhibitor(s) of complex IV

Answer 15

CO
Cyanide
H2S

Question 16

Malate aspartate shuttle is present where in the body

Answer 16

heart
Liver
Kidneys

Question 17

Glycerophosphate shuttle operates where in the body

Answer 17

Muscle

Brain