mitochondria Flashcards
What is the main function of mitochondria?
To produce energy in the form of ATP
Where in the cell are mitochondria typically located?
In the cytoplasm
True or False: Mitochondria have their own DNA.
True
What is the name of the inner membrane of the mitochondria that contains proteins responsible for ATP production?
Cristae
What is the process by which mitochondria generate ATP?
Oxidative phosphorylation
Which molecule is considered the ‘energy currency’ of the cell and is produced by mitochondria?
ATP
What is the term for the process where mitochondria break down glucose to produce ATP?
Cellular respiration
Which organelle is often referred to as the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell due to its energy production?
Mitochondria
What is the fluid-filled space inside the inner membrane of mitochondria called?
Matrix
What is the primary source of energy for mitochondria to produce ATP?
Nutrients like glucose and fatty acids
What is the term for the process where mitochondria convert nutrients into energy?
Cellular respiration
Which gas is a byproduct of cellular respiration within mitochondria?
Carbon dioxide
What is the term for the process by which mitochondria replicate themselves within a cell?
Mitochondrial biogenesis
Which enzyme is responsible for the final step in ATP production within mitochondria?
ATP synthase
Hair like structures present on cristae
Oxysomes
Who discovered mitochondria?
Kolliker
What is the varying number of mitochondria per cell?
1-5000
What is the process by which mitochondria eliminate damaged or unnecessary components?
Autophagy
Who named the mitochondria?
Altman
What is the theory that suggests mitochondria evolved from symbiotic bacteria within eukaryotic cells?
Endosymbiotic theory
Which vitamin is essential for proper mitochondrial function?
Vitamin B
What is the term for the process where mitochondria produce heat instead of ATP?
Thermogenesis
Which organelle is closely associated with mitochondria in the process of lipid metabolism?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the term for the network of protein filaments that maintain the structure of mitochondria?
Cytoskeleton
