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Cell: The Unit of Life > endoplasmic reticulum > Flashcards

endoplasmic reticulum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum is to synthesize proteins and lipids.

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2
Q

True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is found in both plant and animal cells.

A

True

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3
Q

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The two types of endoplasmic reticulum are rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).

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4
Q

Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis?

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is involved in protein synthesis.

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5
Q

What is the main function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

A

The main function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is lipid synthesis and detoxification.

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6
Q

Where is the endoplasmic reticulum located in a cell?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum is located near the nucleus in a cell.

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7
Q

What is the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membrane-enclosed tubules and sacs.

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8
Q

Which organelle works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis and transport?

A

The Golgi apparatus works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis and transport.

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9
Q

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in calcium storage?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum stores and releases calcium ions as needed for various cellular processes.

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10
Q

What is the significance of the ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are responsible for protein synthesis.

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11
Q

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in lipid metabolism?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of lipids and steroids.

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12
Q

How does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum help in detoxification?

A

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum contains enzymes that help detoxify drugs and harmful substances.

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13
Q

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum regulates the concentration of calcium ions and plays a role in lipid metabolism, contributing to cellular homeostasis.

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14
Q

Which type of endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes on its surface?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) lacks ribosomes on its surface.

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15
Q

What is the significance of the cisternae in the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The cisternae are flattened membrane sacs in the endoplasmic reticulum that are involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

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16
Q

How does the endoplasmic reticulum facilitate intracellular transport?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum forms a network of interconnected tubules and vesicles that transport proteins and lipids within the cell.

17
Q

Which cellular process is directly influenced by the endoplasmic reticulum’s calcium storage?

A

Cellular signaling is directly influenced by the endoplasmic reticulum’s calcium storage.

18
Q

What is the relationship between the endoplasmic reticulum and autophagy?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum plays a role in autophagy, the process of degrading and recycling cellular components.

19
Q

How does the endoplasmic reticulum contribute to the synthesis of membrane proteins?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes membrane proteins that are essential for cellular structure and function.

20
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in post-translational modifications?

A

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in post-translational modifications of proteins, such as glycosylation.

21
Q

What cellular organelle is responsible for the quality control of proteins synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) system is responsible for the quality control of proteins synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum.

22
Q

How does the endoplasmic reticulum contribute to lipid droplet formation?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes and transfers lipids to form lipid droplets for energy storage.

23
Q

What is the connection between the endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum activates the unfolded protein response to cope with stress and maintain protein homeostasis.

24
Q

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in regulating cellular metabolism?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in cells.

25
Q

How does the endoplasmic reticulum contribute to the formation of membrane-bound organelles?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes and transports lipids and proteins that contribute to the formation of membrane-bound organelles in the cell.

Cell: The Unit of Life (9 decks)

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