Mites/Lice/Fleas Flashcards

1
Q

Are mites an insect or an arachnid? How can you tell?

A

Mites are an arachnid because they have 8 legs

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2
Q

How long on average is a mites life cycle? Who lives longer, mites or ticks?

A

Between 7-28 days. Ticks live longer than mites do.

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3
Q

What are the hosts for Demodex?

A

All domestic mammals and humans

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4
Q

If an animal is diagnosed with generalized demodicosis what may that indicate?

A

That the animal may have an inherited immunological defect

(cell mediated immunodeficiency)

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5
Q

What are the life stages of a mite?

A

Egg–>larvae–>Nymph–>Adult

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6
Q

How many legs does a larval mite have?

A

6 legs

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7
Q

Where do you primarily find demodex?

A

In the hair follicles

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8
Q

What are some predisposing conditions for demodex infestation?

A

Breed predisposition

Short or long hair

Genetics (immunodeficiency)

Nutrition

Parasites

Depressed immune system

Steroids (tumors, stress)

Estrus

Parturition

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9
Q

Describe clinical signs of demodex infestation

A

Alopecia in focal areas, scaling, plugging, erythema, hyperpigmentation

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10
Q

What is the most severe form of Demodex infection?

A

Pustular Form: severe form of demodicosis, which follows bacterial invasion of the lesions, often by staphylococci. The skin becomes thickened and wrinkled, with small pustules, which ooze with serum, pus and blood. Affected dogs have an offensive odor and are difficult to treat.

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11
Q

How do you diagnosis demodex?

A

By a deep skin scraping..Need to see some blood. Be sure to scrape at the edge of the scales

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12
Q

Do cattle with demodicosis show the same clinical signs as dogs?

A

Yes, but usually only the generalized form with alopecia, redness, pruritic..

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13
Q

If you have a large animal with demodicosis what should you do?

A

CULL!!!

These animals are usually immunodeficient, and you don’t want to breed these genetics

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14
Q

What is the largest mite family?

A

Chyletidae

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15
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Psoroptes

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16
Q

For the following mites, Please list whether the pedicles are long or short; jointed or unjointed

Psoroptes

Sarcoptes

Chorioptes

Otodectes Cynotis

Notoedres

A

Psoroptes: Long & Jointed Pedicles

Sarcoptes: Long, straight & unjointed pedicles

Chorioptes: NO pedicles, sucker on leg

Otodectes cynotis: Short Pedicles

Notoedres: Long and Straight Pedicles (sarcoptic like)

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17
Q

Identify this mite

A

Chorioptes

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18
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Sarcoptes

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19
Q

Which of the following are species specific?

A. Chorioptes

B. Sarcoptes

C. Psoroptes

A

B. Sarcoptes

(bois, equi, ovis, caprae, SUIS, CANIS

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20
Q

Otodectes cynotis likes to mostly infect what species?

A

CATS!!!

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21
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Otodectes cynotis

(cat mite, loves ears!)

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22
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Notoedres

Please note the resemblance to Sarcoptes (this is a sarcoptic like mite)

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23
Q

Which mite is also known as “walking dander?”

A

Chyletiella

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24
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Chyletiella

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25
What is the Army tank of mites?
Chyletiella
26
What is a defining characteristic of Chyletiella?
LARGE palpal hooks near the mouth
27
What mite is known as the Scaley leg mite or beak mite?
Cnemidcoptes
28
List the 3 burrowing mites
1. Sarcoptes 2. Notoedres 3. Demodex
29
What are effective treatments of Sarcoptic Mange?
Fipronil and Selamectin (Revolution)
30
What are good treatments for ear mites in cats?
Acarexx, Melbemite, Revolution
31
Identify this mite as a Chewing or sucking lice?
Chewing Notice the square head with big jaws
32
Identify this louse as a Chewer or a Sucker
Sucker Notice the hyperdermic needle head and the highly developed claws
33
Please Match Mallophaga and Anoplura with their prospective titles: Chewing or Sucker
Mallophaga: CHEWER ANOPLURA: SUCKER
34
Which of the following are always host specific? A. Mites B. Ticks C. Lice D. Fleas
C. Lice They are very host specific, they may bite another species, but they won't reproduce on them.
35
True or False: Lice prefer Warm Weather
False: They are commonly found in the cool/cold weather
36
What is the life stages of Lice?
Egg--\>Seveal Nymphal stages--\>Adult--\>
37
Name 3 species of Chewing Lice
Trichodectes Felicola Bovicola
38
Name 2 species of Sucking Lice
Haematopinus Linognathus
39
Which species can only sucking lice be found?
PIGS
40
Which species can only Chewing lice be found?
BIRDS, and cats
41
What is a Nit?
It is a Louse egg on hair
42
Which Louse is one of the largest?
Haematopinus SUIS They are almost the size of ticks
43
Trichodectes Lice infect what species of animal?
DOGS
44
What is this?
A nit on a strand of hair
45
Which type of lice cannot be killed with injectable or oral medications?
CHEWING lice They don't suck blood and therefore don't have access to the antiparasitic
46
What do chewing lice feed on?
Hair, feathers, epidermis,
47
What do sucking lice feed on?
Blood and tissue fluids
48
What are the major effects of sucking lice?
Anemia, hypoproteinemia, vector bloodborne pathogens, may cause allergic reactions.
49
What are some major effects of chewing lice?
Irritation of the skin, feather damage, hair loss. Note: chewing lice are not as good of vectors as sucking lice because there is little to no blood exchange
50
What active ingredient in a louse treatment is considered a "catacide"?
Anything that contains Pyrethrins, pyrethroids, permethrin..etc. (advantix)
51
When choosing a louse treatment medication, what is a characterisitic you want it to have and why?
You want it to have residual effects, because you want it too kill the current adult lice and then last long enough to kill the newly developed adult lice that were just eggs at the time of treatment.
52
Which species do you not use pour ons on?
SHEEP
53
What are chiggers a type of?
They are a type of MITE
54
Which stage of Chiggers feed on people?
The nymphal stage
55
What mite causes SCABIES?
Psoroptes THIS is a reportable mite
56
Dermanyssus prefers to infect what species?
BIRDS BUT they like to bite everyone!
57
Chyletiella prefers what species?
CATS
58
Pneumonyssus is commonly know as what? and what species does it infect?
Nasal Mites that infect Cats and Dogs
59
What is the term for a Louse Infection?
Pediculosis
60
True or False: All life stages except for the eggs of fleas are parasitic
FALSE Only the adults are parasitic
61
How do fleas cause disease?
They are blood sucking ectoparasites. Cause anemia, and may cause flea bite dermatitis (miliary dermatitis) this may result in pruritus, alopecia, licking, chewing, nervousness, and poor production
62
Ctenocephalidaes attack what species?
Dogs and cats
63
Echidnophago attacks mainly what species?
Fowl
64
Between fleas and lice, which are host specific, or are both of them?
Lice are host specific always. Fleas may have some host specificity but not much
65
Where on the host will you find fleas?
On skin and hair and feathers. Female echidnophagia may be found burrowing into the skin.
66
Name the cestode (worm) commonly transmitted by fleas
Diplidium canium TAPEWORMS
67
What disease are transmitted by fleas?
Yersinia Pestis Tularemia Myxomatosis
68
What is the best treatment protocol for fleas?
Treat the animal, treat their bedding, and treat the environment