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Parasitology > Mites/Lice/Fleas > Flashcards

Mites/Lice/Fleas Flashcards

1
Q

Are mites an insect or an arachnid? How can you tell?

A

Mites are an arachnid because they have 8 legs

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2
Q

How long on average is a mites life cycle? Who lives longer, mites or ticks?

A

Between 7-28 days. Ticks live longer than mites do.

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3
Q

What are the hosts for Demodex?

A

All domestic mammals and humans

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4
Q

If an animal is diagnosed with generalized demodicosis what may that indicate?

A

That the animal may have an inherited immunological defect

(cell mediated immunodeficiency)

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5
Q

What are the life stages of a mite?

A

Egg–>larvae–>Nymph–>Adult

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6
Q

How many legs does a larval mite have?

A

6 legs

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7
Q

Where do you primarily find demodex?

A

In the hair follicles

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8
Q

What are some predisposing conditions for demodex infestation?

A

Breed predisposition

Short or long hair

Genetics (immunodeficiency)

Nutrition

Parasites

Depressed immune system

Steroids (tumors, stress)

Estrus

Parturition

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9
Q

Describe clinical signs of demodex infestation

A

Alopecia in focal areas, scaling, plugging, erythema, hyperpigmentation

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10
Q

What is the most severe form of Demodex infection?

A

Pustular Form: severe form of demodicosis, which follows bacterial invasion of the lesions, often by staphylococci. The skin becomes thickened and wrinkled, with small pustules, which ooze with serum, pus and blood. Affected dogs have an offensive odor and are difficult to treat.

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11
Q

How do you diagnosis demodex?

A

By a deep skin scraping..Need to see some blood. Be sure to scrape at the edge of the scales

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12
Q

Do cattle with demodicosis show the same clinical signs as dogs?

A

Yes, but usually only the generalized form with alopecia, redness, pruritic..

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13
Q

If you have a large animal with demodicosis what should you do?

A

CULL!!!

These animals are usually immunodeficient, and you don’t want to breed these genetics

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14
Q

What is the largest mite family?

A

Chyletidae

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15
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Psoroptes

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16
Q

For the following mites, Please list whether the pedicles are long or short; jointed or unjointed

Psoroptes

Sarcoptes

Chorioptes

Otodectes Cynotis

Notoedres

A

Psoroptes: Long & Jointed Pedicles

Sarcoptes: Long, straight & unjointed pedicles

Chorioptes: NO pedicles, sucker on leg

Otodectes cynotis: Short Pedicles

Notoedres: Long and Straight Pedicles (sarcoptic like)

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17
Q

Identify this mite

A

Chorioptes

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18
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Sarcoptes

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19
Q

Which of the following are species specific?

A. Chorioptes

B. Sarcoptes

C. Psoroptes

A

B. Sarcoptes

(bois, equi, ovis, caprae, SUIS, CANIS

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20
Q

Otodectes cynotis likes to mostly infect what species?

A

CATS!!!

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21
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Otodectes cynotis

(cat mite, loves ears!)

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22
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Notoedres

Please note the resemblance to Sarcoptes (this is a sarcoptic like mite)

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23
Q

Which mite is also known as “walking dander?”

A

Chyletiella

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24
Q

Identify this Mite

A

Chyletiella

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25
Q

What is the Army tank of mites?

A

Chyletiella

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26
Q

What is a defining characteristic of Chyletiella?

A

LARGE palpal hooks near the mouth

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27
Q

What mite is known as the Scaley leg mite or beak mite?

A

Cnemidcoptes

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28
Q

List the 3 burrowing mites

A
  1. Sarcoptes
  2. Notoedres
  3. Demodex
29
Q

What are effective treatments of Sarcoptic Mange?

A

Fipronil and Selamectin (Revolution)

30
Q

What are good treatments for ear mites in cats?

A

Acarexx, Melbemite, Revolution

31
Q

Identify this mite as a Chewing or sucking lice?

A

Chewing

Notice the square head with big jaws

32
Q

Identify this louse as a Chewer or a Sucker

A

Sucker

Notice the hyperdermic needle head and the highly developed claws

33
Q

Please Match Mallophaga and Anoplura with their prospective titles: Chewing or Sucker

A

Mallophaga: CHEWER

ANOPLURA: SUCKER

34
Q

Which of the following are always host specific?

A. Mites

B. Ticks

C. Lice

D. Fleas

A

C. Lice

They are very host specific, they may bite another species, but they won’t reproduce on them.

35
Q

True or False: Lice prefer Warm Weather

A

False: They are commonly found in the cool/cold weather

36
Q

What is the life stages of Lice?

A

Egg–>Seveal Nymphal stages–>Adult–>

37
Q

Name 3 species of Chewing Lice

A

Trichodectes

Felicola

Bovicola

38
Q

Name 2 species of Sucking Lice

A

Haematopinus

Linognathus

39
Q

Which species can only sucking lice be found?

A

PIGS

40
Q

Which species can only Chewing lice be found?

A

BIRDS, and cats

41
Q

What is a Nit?

A

It is a Louse egg on hair

42
Q

Which Louse is one of the largest?

A

Haematopinus SUIS

They are almost the size of ticks

43
Q

Trichodectes Lice infect what species of animal?

A

DOGS

44
Q

What is this?

A

A nit on a strand of hair

45
Q

Which type of lice cannot be killed with injectable or oral medications?

A

CHEWING lice

They don’t suck blood and therefore don’t have access to the antiparasitic

46
Q

What do chewing lice feed on?

A

Hair, feathers, epidermis,

47
Q

What do sucking lice feed on?

A

Blood and tissue fluids

48
Q

What are the major effects of sucking lice?

A

Anemia, hypoproteinemia, vector bloodborne pathogens, may cause allergic reactions.

49
Q

What are some major effects of chewing lice?

A

Irritation of the skin, feather damage, hair loss.

Note: chewing lice are not as good of vectors as sucking lice because there is little to no blood exchange

50
Q

What active ingredient in a louse treatment is considered a “catacide”?

A

Anything that contains Pyrethrins, pyrethroids, permethrin..etc.

(advantix)

51
Q

When choosing a louse treatment medication, what is a characterisitic you want it to have and why?

A

You want it to have residual effects, because you want it too kill the current adult lice and then last long enough to kill the newly developed adult lice that were just eggs at the time of treatment.

52
Q

Which species do you not use pour ons on?

A

SHEEP

53
Q

What are chiggers a type of?

A

They are a type of MITE

54
Q

Which stage of Chiggers feed on people?

A

The nymphal stage

55
Q

What mite causes SCABIES?

A

Psoroptes

THIS is a reportable mite

56
Q

Dermanyssus prefers to infect what species?

A

BIRDS

BUT they like to bite everyone!

57
Q

Chyletiella prefers what species?

A

CATS

58
Q

Pneumonyssus is commonly know as what? and what species does it infect?

A

Nasal Mites that infect Cats and Dogs

59
Q

What is the term for a Louse Infection?

A

Pediculosis

60
Q

True or False: All life stages except for the eggs of fleas are parasitic

A

FALSE

Only the adults are parasitic

61
Q

How do fleas cause disease?

A

They are blood sucking ectoparasites.

Cause anemia, and may cause flea bite dermatitis (miliary dermatitis)

this may result in pruritus, alopecia, licking, chewing, nervousness, and poor production

62
Q

Ctenocephalidaes attack what species?

A

Dogs and cats

63
Q

Echidnophago attacks mainly what species?

A

Fowl

64
Q

Between fleas and lice, which are host specific, or are both of them?

A

Lice are host specific always.

Fleas may have some host specificity but not much

65
Q

Where on the host will you find fleas?

A

On skin and hair and feathers.

Female echidnophagia may be found burrowing into the skin.

66
Q

Name the cestode (worm) commonly transmitted by fleas

A

Diplidium canium

TAPEWORMS

67
Q

What disease are transmitted by fleas?

A

Yersinia Pestis

Tularemia

Myxomatosis

68
Q

What is the best treatment protocol for fleas?

A

Treat the animal, treat their bedding, and treat the environment

Parasitology (5 decks)

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