mistakes --> origin of cells + transport

Question 1

How did mitochondria originate (according to the endosymbiotic theory)?

Answer 1

From engulfed, originally free-living proteobacteria.

Question 2

The origin of which of the following is not the result of an endosymbiotic event?

(1) Chloroplast
(2) Mitochondria
(3) 80s Ribosomes

Answer 2

80S Ribosomes

Ribosomes are not membrane bound organelles and are not a result of endosymbiosis.

Question 3

Which of the following supports that prokaryotes evolved before eukaryotes?

(1) The meteorites that have struck Earth contain fossils only of prokaryotes.
(2) Laboratory experiments have produced amino acids.
(3) Prokaryotic cells lack nuclei.
(4) The oldest fossilised cells resemble prokaryotes.

Answer 3

The oldest fossilised cells resemble prokaryotes.

Not #3: some eukaryotic cells lack nuclei, e.g. erythrocytes. Not #1: meteorites contained evidence of some organic compounds but not of prokaryotes. Not #2: that is true but does not answer the questions which domain came first, so option #4 is the best possible answer.

Question 4

Endosymbiotic theory proposed that mitochondria and chloroplasts were themselves, initially, prokaryotes that were taken in by larger prokaryotes. Which process enabled the larger prokaryotes to take in the mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Answer 4

Endocytosis
or
Phagocytosis

Question 5

Pasteur’s experiments provided evidence that spontaneous generation of cells was not possible on Earth. What would correctly describe this evidence?

Answer 5

Fungi and other organisms did not appear in the boiled broth inside sealed swan-necked flasks after prior exposure to air.

Question 6

Facilitated Diffusion occurs…

Answer 6

in either direction depending on the concentration gradient of the molecule.

Question 7

Simple diffusion is used to transport

Answer 7

CO2 and O2

Question 8

When sugar is mixed with water, equilibrium is reached when

Answer 8

the dissolved sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the solution

Question 9

Diffusion is one of the processes whereby materials are exchanged between a cell and its environment.
TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The sodium potassium pump…

Answer 10

a. Uses energy from the hydrolysis of ATP
b. Is required by neurons to transmit electric impulses in axons
c. Is known as an anti-porter molecule

Question 11

State 4 functions of membrane proteins

Answer 11

Enzyme Receptor
Electron Carriers
Active Transport
Hormone Binding Sites
Cell to Cell Adhesion
Transport