missed stuff round 2 Flashcards
how does estrogen impact thyroid hormone levels?
estrogen increases TBG production, raising total T4 by increasing the amount that gets bound.
A 35-year-old male presents to the infectious disease clinic with a recent diagnosis of HIV infection. He is started on antiretroviral therapy, including lamivudine. Which component of viral genome replication is primarily inhibited by lamivudine
phosphodiester bond formation
the prostate is bound laterally by…
levator ani muscles
what test(s) should be ordered when screening for thyroid disease
just TSH
what normally causes symptomatic hypercalcemia with low PTH
malignancy
What is the most common cause of hyperaldosteronism?
adrenal hyperplasia; adrenal adenomas (conn syndrome) are the second most common!!
what feature is needed to consider pheochromocytoma malignant
metasteses
what thyroid tumor is most likely with a history of ionizing radiation
papillary carcinoma
how can we tell the difference between PTH hyperplasia and adenoma
can only really be distinguished by how many glands are enlarged and whether there is a thin rim of compressed tissue, which would suggest adenoma
The primary molecular interaction required for an HIV virion attaching and entering into a host cell is…
gp120 and CD4
You are monitoring a primigravida who is living with HIV. She has begun her 3rd trimester and wants to discuss a delivery plan. What is the maximum HIV RNA viral load (copies/ml) for which a woman with HIV infection on antiretroviral therapy at 36 weeks gestation can have a vaginal delivery at term
1000
somebody has active, untreated syphilis. which test will be positive: VDRL or anti-treponemal tests
both!
when are TMPRESS2-ETS fusion genes seen
prostate cancer
A 64-year-old female is placed on high-dose prednisone for treatment of her newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. Over the ensuing months, she develops hypertension, truncal obesity, muscle weakness, and multiple bruises on her skin. what would ACTH and salivary cortisol testing show
both decreased
what are anti-microsomal antibodies
anti-TPO and anti-transthyreiten
what is the most common cause of ectopic pregnancy and infertility in women
history of PID
A 65-year-old woman presents with bloating, early satiety and weight loss. Imaging reveals an ill-defined adnexal mass and ascites. Exploratory laparotomy reveals 10 cm solid ovarian mass. What is the most likely pathology
serous epithelial tumor
an elderly man comes in with a bone-forming lesion. what do we look for first
prostate cancer
which is a risk for cervical SCC: nulliparity or multiparity?
multiparity
what thyroid pathology is classically associated with painful goiter
granulomatous thyroiditis
ovarian vessels can be found in which ligament
suspensory ligament
what happens in a male fetus if hCG in the first 10 weeks is deficient
ambiguous genitalia and undescended testes. hCG functions before LH takes over, so if it doesnt work right in the beginning male characteristics may not develop correctly
where does the ureter pass under the uterine artery
in the mesometrium at the level of the cervix !!
what enzyme does metyrapone decrease
11-b hydroxylase
