SFP: female and male perineum Flashcards
What are the 2 “triangles” of the perineum?
Urogenital triangle and anal triangle
What is the origin of the pelvic diaphragm?
Arcus tendineus
What are the openings of the perineum?
A urogenital hiatus and anal aperture
What muscles are involved in the pelvic diaphragm?
Levator ani (pubococcygeus and ileococcygeus)
What is the perineal membrane?
An extra fibrous layer covering the urogenital triangle
The rectum is ___ to the pelvic diaphragm, and the anal canal is ___ to the pelvic diaphragm.
Superior; inferior
What structures are pressed against the obturator internus muscle?
The internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve
What is urinary extravasation?
In males, if there were to be injury that ruptured the urethra, urine/blood would become trapped beneath Scarpa’s fascia and lead to swelling in the urogenital area.
How many erectile bodies are there for the penis?
3
What are the 3 paired muscles in the superficial pouch of the penis/vagina?
Ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal muscle
Where is the perineal membrane visible?
Between the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles
What muscles are found in the deep perineal pouch?
External urethral sphincter, deep transverse perineal muscle, compressor urethrae and sphincter urethrovaginalis in females
What are bulbourethral glands?
Glands in the deep perineal pouch in males that empty into the urethra that secrete fluid preceding ejaculation
Where do we see the dorsal artery and nerve of the penis?
On the lateral aspect of the deep pouch; they will “hop on” to the dorsum of the penis
What branch of the pudendal nerve serves everything in the superficial and deep pouch?
The dorsal nerve
What are the branches of the pudendal nerve?
Inferior rectal, perineal, dorsal nerve
What artery gives off branches that supply the perineum?
Inferior pudendal artery
The deep dorsal vein, artery, and nerve are found within…
Buck’s fascia
Parasympathetic system is involved in __ while sympathetic is involved in ___?
Erection; ejaculation
PSNS innervation to the penis/vagina comes from…
Pelvic splanchnic nerves; inferior hypogastric plexus and prostatic plexus
SNS innervation to the penis/vagina comes from…
Lower lumbar spinal and lateral horns; sacral splanchnic nerves, inferior hypogastric plexus, prostatic plexus
