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ITE '23 > Miscellaneous Notes/Research > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Notes/Research Flashcards

1
Q

What is the usual duration between acute COVID infection and onset of MIS-C?

A

two to six weeks

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2
Q

What CBC findings are seen in MIS-C?

A

lymphocytopenia
neutrophilia
mild anemia
thrombocytopenia

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3
Q

Which inflammatory markers are commonly elevated with MIS-C?

A

CRP, ESR
D-Dimer, fibrinogen
Ferritin
Procal
Interleukin

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4
Q

Do inflammatory markers correlate with severity of illness?

A

yes

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5
Q

Which 3 organs are important to evaluate in MIS-C

A

heart
liver
kidneys

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6
Q

Which inflammatory marker is NOT useful to trend in MIS-C?

A

ESR, because tx of MIS-C is commonly IVIG which elevated ESR

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7
Q

What is the most common cause of aortic stenosis?

A

degenerative calcification; associated with aging, HTN, HLD, tobacco use, DM

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8
Q

Which 3 electrolyte disturbances increase the risk for torsades de pointes?

A

Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia

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9
Q

What is first, second, and third line treatments for Torsades?

A
  1. magnesium and defibrillation
  2. magnesium and defibrillation
  3. Isoproterenol with overdrive pacing by temporary transvenous pacemaker
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10
Q

What CD4 counts are associated with toxoplasmosis?

A

CD4 <100

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11
Q

What is the first line treatment for toxoplasmosis?

A

pyrimethamine
sulfadiazine

+leucovorin – co-administer to prevent pyrimethamine-induced hematologic toxicity

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12
Q

What is the first/initial treatment for hyponatremia caused by SIADH?

A

fluid restriction

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13
Q

What is the best next step when a CT scan is concerning for NPH?

A

Brain MRI

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14
Q

What is the confirmatory test for NPH after MRI?

A

high volume lumbar puncture with monitoring for improvement of symptoms–specifically gait improvement; opening pressure and CSF studies should be normal

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15
Q

What is the treatment for NPH?

A

ventricular shunting

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16
Q

What is Spodick sign on ECG?

A

downward sloping TP segment seen in lead II and precordial leads; specific but not sensitive sign for acute pericarditis

17
Q

What is first line therapy for acute pericarditis?

A

NSAID – ie Ibuprofen

18
Q

Infarction of which coronary artery territory can lead to atrioventricular block?

A

Inferior myocardial infarction (the right coronary artery supplies the atrioventricular node and inferior heart).

19
Q

What is the treatment of sulfonylurea overdose?

A

Dextrose
Octreotide

20
Q

What is the dose of Octreotide for adults in sulfonylurea overdose?

A

Adults:
50-150 mcg q6h

21
Q

What is the dose of Octreotide for children in sulfonylurea overdose?

A

1-1.5 mcg/kg (up to 150 mcg) q6h

22
Q

What is the formula for estimating weight for pediatric dextrose administration?

A

(2 x age in years) + 8

23
Q

What is the dose and dextrose concentration for pediatric hypoglycemia in ages <1 year old?

A

5-10 mL/kg of D10

24
Q

What is the dose and dextrose concentration for pediatric hypoglycemia in ages 1-8 years old?

A

2-4 mL/kg of D25

25
Q

What is the dose and dextrose concentration for pediatric hypoglycemia in ages >8 years old?

A

1-2 mL/kg of D50

26
Q

Is serum insulin concentration high or low with sulfonylurea ingestion?

A

High

27
Q

What are the 3 treatments for HACE?

A

supplemental O2
descent
steroids (dexamethasone)

28
Q

What is the rule of 9s for burn estimation?

A

9% Face
9% - chest
9% - abdomen
9% upper back
9% - lower back
9% RUE
9% LUE
9% LLE FRONT
9% RLE FRONT

29
Q

What blood pressure is required prior to Alteplase administration?

A

SBP <185
DBP <110

30
Q

What BP should be maintained for the first 24 hours after alteplase administration?

A

<180/105

31
Q

Within what amount of time should alteplase be administered from last known normal?

A

4.5 hours

32
Q

In addition to careful cleaning, tdap, and pain management, what is a treatment for stingray injury?

A

immersion in hot water (45C or 113F) for 30-90 minutes or until pain subsides – believed to break down the poison

33
Q

What organism causes tinea versicolor?

A

Malassezia furfur

34
Q

What is the treatment for tinea versicolor/malassezia furfur infection?

A

topical selenium sulfide

35
Q

What is the role of desmopressin in the treatment of hyponatremia?

A

helps prevent a continued rapid rise in sodium

36
Q

What are the four Kanavel Criteria for Flexor Tenosynovitis?

A
  1. Tenderness along the course of the flexor tendon
  2. Fusiform or symmetrical swelling of the finger
  3. Pain with passive extension
  4. Flexed posture of the finger
37
Q

What factors are included in the Opioid Risk Assessment Tool?

A
  1. Family History of substance use (EtOH, illegal drugs, prescription drugs)
  2. Personal history of substance use (EtOH, illegal drugs, prescription drugs)
  3. Age 16-45
  4. History of preadolescent sexual abuse
  5. History of psych disease – ADHD, OCD, Bipolar, schizophrenia, depression

ITE '23 (20 decks)

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