Miscellaneous MCQ facts

Question 1

Where does midazolam act?

Answer 1

GABAa receptors

Question 2

Order of strength of bonds (strong to weak)

Answer 2

Ionic-covalent-hydrogen-van de waals

Question 3

CSHT reflects what combined effects

Answer 3

distribution and metabolism

Question 4

In infusion kinetics, how do you calculate maintenance does?

Answer 4

STeady state concentration x clearance

Question 5

IN infusion kinetics, how is clearance calculated?

Answer 5

Input=elimintation
So input is also equal to clearance x plasma conc,
so
Clearance = input/plasma

Question 6

What does CYP3A4 metabolise

Answer 6

midazolam and alfentanil

Question 7

What does CYP2E1 metabolise

Answer 7

paracetamol
fluoride containing volatile agents

Question 8

WHich phase reaction do CYP450 do?

Answer 8

phase 1

Question 9

Lignocaine ER?

Answer 9

> 0.7 (flow limited)

Question 10

Examples of enzyme limited drugs

Answer 10

Phenytoin, theophylline, benzos, warfarin

Question 11

What is sodium nitrprusside

Answer 11

Prodrug that reacts with sulfhydryl containing molecurles through a single electron transfer mechanism to produce S-nitrosothiol, decomposes to form NO.

NO then binds to and activates guanylate cyclase, increasing cGMP, decreasing calcium-> smooth muscle relaxation

Question 12

S/E of SNP

Answer 12

-Cyanide toxicity (has 5 cyanide moities for every NO)
-metabolic acidosis
-WOrsens A-A difference
- Reverses hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

Question 13

Examples of drugs that reduce IOP?

Answer 13

etomidate, thiopental

Question 14

Drugs that should be avoided in MAOIs

Answer 14

Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Ephedrine
Pseudoephedrine
Phenylephrine
Dopamine
Dopexamine
Dexamfetamine
Pethidine.

Question 15

Examples of prokinetics

Answer 15

erythromycin, metoclopramide. cisapride

Question 16

Which local anaesthetics are amino amides?

Answer 16

Lidocaine
bupivicaine
Ropivicaine
Prilocaine
Levobupivicaine
Mepivacaine

Question 17

Which LA are amino esters

Answer 17

Chloroprocaine
Procaine
Articaine
Tetracaine

Question 18

oculocardiac reflex pathway

Answer 18

afferent- parasympathetic fibres of ciliary nerves + opthalmic nerve from the gasserian ganglion
efferent-adjacent nucleous ambigous

Question 19

How does lithium affect NMB/?

Answer 19

Interacts with calcium reuptake in the presynaptic termina;

Question 20

What affects the liklihood of LA toxicity?

Answer 20

Site of injection (vascularity and presence of fat)
Drug dose/conc
Use of vasoconstrictors
CHanges in protein binding in relation to intracellular pH

Question 21

REversal of dexmedetomidine

Answer 21

Atipamezole

Question 22

WHat is different about candida krusei?

Answer 22

Resisitant to fluconazole, use voriconazole

Question 23

How does sotalol work

Answer 23

as well as being a b blocker, blocks k+ channesl, decreasing eflux and delaying repolarisation

Question 24

WHat type of muscarinic receptor does ipratropium act on

Answer 24

M3- found in smooth muscles of bronchioles+ arterioles

M1- brain/secretory glands
M2- heart
M4 CND
M5 dopamin in cns