MISCELLANEOUS LAWS Flashcards
Republic Act No 9288 long title
“An act promulgating a comprehensive policy and a national system for ensuring newborn screening”
Republic Act No 9288 short title
Newborn Screening Act of 2004
Republic Act No 9288 was passed on?
April 7, 2004
Republic Act No 9288 was signed by?
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
How many sections do RA 9288 have?
19 sections
Provisions of newborn screening act
• To ensure that every newborn has access to newborn screening
• To establish and integrate a sustainable newborn screening system within the public health delivery system
• Ensure that all health practitioners are aware of the advantages of newborn screening and of their responsibilities in the service
• Ensure that parents recognize their responsibility in promoting their child’s right to health and full development
a child from the time of complete delivery to 30 days old.
Newborn
any condition that can result in mental retardation, physical deformity or death if left undetected and untreated and which is usually inherited from the genes of either or both biological parents of the newborn.
Heritable condition
a facility equipped with a newborn screening laboratory that complies with the standards established by the NIH.
Newborn Screening Center
the central facility at the NIH that defines testing and follow-up protocols; acts as the Secretariat of the Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening.
Newborn Screening Reference Center
Transcribe NIH
National institutes of health
When is newborn screening conducted?
after 24 hours but not later than 3 days
Newborn screening licensing and accreditation
DOH PhilHealth
Refusal to be tested is okay as long as?
You inform the patient about the possible consequences of their refusal. + inform them of the benefits and availability of the test.
Newborn screening lead agency:
DOH
Roles of DOH for newborn screening
• Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening
• Implementing rules and regulations
• Coordinate with DILG for implementation
• Coordinate with the NIH Newborn Screening Reference Center
Transcribe DILG
department of the interior and local government
Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening composed of how many people?
8 people
Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening composition (members)
• Chairman: Secretary of Health
• Vice-Chairperson: Executive Director of the NIH
• DILG Undersecretary
• Executive Director of the Council for the Welfare of Children
• Director of the Newborn Screening Reference Center
• 3 representatives: pediatrician, obstetrician, endocrinologist, family physician, nurse or midwife, either public or private
**2x/year meeting
Who is the executive director of nih
Monica M. Bertagnolli
Who is the executive director of CWC-
Atty. Maria Lourdes Fugoso-Alcain
Accreditation of Newborn Screening Centers
• Have a certified laboratory performing all tests included in the newborn screening program
• Have a recall/follow up programs for infants found positive for any/all of the heritable conditions
• Be supervised and staffed by trained personnel who have been duly qualified by the NIH
• Submit to unannounced or announced inspections by the Reference Center in order to evaluate and ensure quality
Newborn Screening Center performance
Enumerate the Metabolic Diseases
• Congenital hypothyroidism
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
• Phenylketonuria (PKU)
• Galactosemia
• Glucose-6-Phosphate Deficiency
Severe deficiency of the thyroid hormones in newborns
Congenital hypothyroidism
congenital hypothyroidism affects more than twice as many ____ as _____.
females; males
partial or complete loss of function of the thyroid gland that affects infants from birth
Congenital hypothyroidism
partial or complete loss of function of the thyroid gland
hypothyroidism
If a disease affects infants from birth, it is _____.
Congenital
is a butterfly-shaped tissue in the lower neck.
Thyroid gland
It makes iodine-containing hormones that play an important role in regulating growth, brain development, and the rate of chemical reactions in the body
Thyroid gland
Most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism worldwide?
The most common cause worldwide is a shortage of iodine in the diet of the mother and the affected infant.
refers to a group of genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands, a pair of walnut-sized organs above the kidneys.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
The adrenal glands produce important hormones, including:
- Cortisol
- Mineralocorticoids
- Androgens
are walnut sized found above the kidney
Adrenal glands
regulates the body’s response to illness or stress
Cortisol
such as aldosterone, which regulate sodium and potassium levels
Mineralocorticoids
such as testosterone, which are male sex hormones required for growth and development in both males and females
Androgens
Signs and symptoms of classicCAHmay include:
Insufficient cortisol
Adrenal crisis
Atypical genitalia
Excess androgen
Altered growth
Fertility Issues
This can cause problems maintaining normal blood pressure, blood sugar and energy levels, and cause problems during physical stress such as illness.
Insufficient cortisol
People with classicCAHcan be seriously affected by a lack of cortisol, aldosterone or both. This is known as an _____, and it can be life-threatening.
Adrenal crisis
Female infants may have ________ appearance, such as an enlarged clitoris that may resemble a penis, and a partially closed labia resembling a scrotum. The urinary opening (urethra) and the vagina may be only one opening instead of two separate openings. The uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries usually develop typically.
Atypical genitalia
An excess of the male sex hormone ____ can result in short height and early puberty for both males and females. Pubic hair and other signs of puberty may appear at a very early age. Severe acne also may occur.
Excess androgen ; androgen
Excess androgen hormones in females may result in ??
facial hair, excessive body hair and a deepening voice.
Rapid growth may occur during childhood with an advanced bone age. Final height may be shorter than average.
Altered growth
These can include irregular menstrual periods, or not having any at all, and having infertility problems in females. Fertility issues can sometimes occur in males.
Fertility issue
Excess phenylalanine in the body.
Phenylketonuria
is a protein building block (an amino acid ) that is obtained from eating certain foods (such as meat, eggs, nuts, and milk) and in some artificial sweeteners
Phenylalanine
isan inherited disorder that increases the levels of a substance called phenylalanine in the blood.
Phenylketonuria
Symptoms of PKU
Newborns withPKUinitially don’t have any symptoms. However, without treatment, babies usually develop signs ofPKUwithin a few months.
- musty odor in the breath, skin or urine, caused by too much phenylalanine in the body
- Nervous system (neurological) problems that may include seizures
- Skin rashes, such as eczema
- Lighter skin, hair and eye color than family members, because phenylalanine can’t transform into melanin — the pigment responsible for hair and skin tone
- Unusually small head size (microcephaly)
- Hyperactivity
- Intellectual disability
- Delayed development
- Behavioral, emotional and social problems
- Mental health disorders
Inherited disorder that impair the body’s ability to process and produce energy from a sugar called galactose.
Galactosemia
the most common and most severe form of the condition.
Classic Galactosemia (type 1)
Affected infants (galactosemia) typically develop _____
feeding difficulties, a lack of energy (lethargy), a failure to gain weight and grow as expected (failure to thrive), yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), liver damage, and abnormal bleeding.
Mutations in the following genes may cause galactosemia:
GALT,GALK1, andGALE
• Absence/not enough enzyme called glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD)
• Red blood cells do not make enough G6PD
G6PD deficiency / favism
G6PD deficiency often affects ??
Males
Without enough G6PD to protect them, the red blood cells break apart. This is called______.
Hemolysis
When many red blood cells are destroyed, a person can develop______. This can cause tiredness, dizziness, and other symptoms.
hemolyticanemia
Red blood cells that don’t have enough G6PD are sensitive to some medicines, foods, and infections. When these things trigger a quick loss of red blood cells over a short time, it’s called a_______.
hemolytic crisis
Congenital hypothyroidism effects screened:
Severe mental retardation
CAH effects screened:
Death
Galactosemia effects screened:
Death, cataracts
Phenylketonuria effects screened:
Severe mental retardation
G6PD deficiency effects screened:
Severe anemia, kernicterus
Inclusion of Maple Syrup Urine Disease in the Newborn Screening Panel of Disorders
DOH Memorandum No 2012-0154
DOH Memorandum 2012-0154 was passed on?
May 15, 2012
• Branched-Chain Ketoaciduria
• Neurological signs
• Urine smells like maple syrup
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Expanded Newborn Screening Program
2 options:
• screening of 6 disorders (Php 550)
• full complement (Php 1,500)
Organ Donation Act of 1991
RA 7170
RA 7170 was approved on?
January 7, 1992
RA 7170 was approved by?
Corazon Aquino
a licensed facility for storage of human bodies or parts.
Organ Bank Storage Facility
deceased individual (includes stillborn infant or fetus)
Decedent
an individual who makes a legacy of all or part of his body
Testator
receives a legacy
Legatee
an individual authorized to donate
Donor
Person who may execute a legacy
• Spouse
• Son or daughter of legal age
• Either parent
• Brother or sister of legal age
• Guardian over the person of the decedent at the time of his death
Who may become legatees?
• Any hospital, physician or surgeon
• Any accredited medical or dental school, college or university
• Any organ bank storage facility
• Any specified individual -for therapy or transplantation needed by him
P.D. 856 title
CODE OF SANITATION OF THE PHILIPPINES
PD 856 was passed on and passed by?
December 23, 1975; Ferdinand Marcos
provide requirements for water testing laboratories.
A.O. 31 s. 1979
Requirements for the Accreditation of Water
Analysis Laboratories;
Who can establish, operate or maintain a water analysis laboratory?
• Any person, firm or corporation who has completed all requirements
Water Analysis Laboratories personnel:
• Supervisor and director of free-standing WTL:
- Licensed Sanitary Engineer
• Supervisor and director of WTL attached to a clinical lab:
- Clinical pathologist licensed to supervise the laboratory
• Supervisor in an area without a sanitary engineer or clinical pathologist
- Licensed chemist, MT or pharmacist with adequate experience and training of at least 3 years
How many water laboratories can be supervised by a sanitary engineer?
3
Who are considered laboratory assistants?
• Medical Technologist
• Pharmacist
• Chemist
• Laboratory Aides - lab. support activities like cleaning of glassware and preparation of media
Bacteriological services:
• Multiple tube fermentation technique
• Gram stain
• IMVIC
• Standard plate count
• Fecal coliform tests
• Optional tests for fecal streptococcal group
Biological services
• Quantitative and qualitative examination of phytoplankton samples.
Physical and chemical services:
• Quantitative and qualitative examination of phytoplankton samples.
Radiologic services:
• Alpha and beta radioactivity
• Radioactive strontium
• Radium
radioactive tracer in medical studies
Strontium 90
Created the National Water Resources Council to control and regulate the water resources in the country.
1976 National Water Code
PD 1067
1976 National Water Code
PD 1067 was passed on?
Dec 31, 1976
Provides consistent protection, preservation and revival of the quality of water system in the Philippines.
Philippine Water Sct of 2004
RA 9275 title
Philippine Water Act of 2004
President who approved RA 9275
GMA
Toxic Substances, Hazardous Wastes and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
R.A 6969
RA 6969 is under the jurisdiction of ??
DENR
RA 6969 is under the authority of ?
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute
RA 6969 number of sections
20
Who passed RA 6969
Corazon Aquino
To protect the public health and environment from unreasonable risks posed by hazardous substances.
RA 6969
