Miscellaneous Bone Lesions Flashcards
most common cause of dwarfism, which is a congenital hereditary disease of failure of endochondral bone formation
achondroplasia
more profoundly affected in achondroplasia
femurs and humeri
characteristic finding in this condition is narrowing of interpedicular distances in a caudal direction
achondroplasia
lack of blood supply with subsequent bone death and ensuing bony collapse in an articular surface
avascular necrosis
manifested by clubbing of fingers and periostitis, usually in the upper and lower extremity, which might or might not be associated with bone pain
hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
hypertrophic osteoarthropathy are most commonly seen in patients with
lung cancer or other lung disease
rare idiopathic disorder characterized by thickened cortical new bone that accumlates near the ends of long bones, usually only on one side of the bone and has an appearance likened to “dripping candle wax”
melorheostosis
group of inherited lysosomal storage diseases characterized by the abnormal accumulation of various mucopolysaccharides such as keratan sulfate and heparan sulfate
mucopolysaccharidoses
mucopolysaccharidoses include
morquio (keratan sulfate) and Hurler and Hunter (heparan sulfate)
those with mucopolysaccharidoses have what appearance
short stature, from shortened spines
mucopolysaccharidoses that has platyspondyly in the spine with central anterior projection of beak off the vertebral body
Morquio
mucopolysaccharidoses that has platyspondyly with a beak that is anteroinferiorly positioned
Hurler and Hunter
pelvic appearance of wide, flared iliac wings and broad femoral necks are seen in
mucopolysaccharidoses and achondroplasia
it has a characteristic finding of pointed proximal fifth metacarpal base that has a notched appearance to the ulnar aspect
mucopolysaccharidoses
multiple osteochondromas or exostoses
diaphyseal aclasis
cartilage-capped bone outgrowth that may be pedunculated or sessile in appearance
osteochondroma
widened diameter of bone
undertubulation
in multiple hereditary exostoses, malignant degeneration are commonly seen in what lesions
axial situated lesions
painful lesions that occurs almost exlusively in patients less than 30 and is treated successfully with surgical excision or thermal ablation. it is a cortically bases sclerotic lesions in a long bone that has a small lucency within it that is called a nidus
osteoid osteoma
what causes pain in osteoid osteoma
nidus and the surrounding sclerosis
conditions that present with periostitis without underlyng bony lesion
trauma, hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, venous stasis, thryoid acropachy, pachydermoperiostosis
how to differentiate osteoid osteoma from osteomyelitis
the nidus in osteoid osteoma is vascular, it avidly accumulates bone scanning agents and demonstrates double density sign. osteomyelitis has an avascular central photopenic area
also known as osteopathia striata, manifested by multiple 2 - 3 mm thick linear bands of sclerotic bone aligned parallel to the long axis of a bone. usually affects long bones and asymptomatic
Voorhoeve disease
is a hereditary, asymptomatoc disorder that is usually an incidental finding of multiple small (3 to 10 mm) sclerotic bony densities affecting primarily the ends of long bones and pelvis. it has no clinical significance but can be confused for diffuse osteoblastic metastases
osteopoikilosis
rare familial disease that is manifested by thickening of the skin of the extremities and face, clubbing of the fingers and widespread periostitis. occassionally painful
pachydermoperiostosis
in sarcoidosis of MSK, what is particularly involved
hands (most common), with spine and long bones
causes lacelike pattern of bony destruction in the hands
sarcoidosis
an idiopathic process that begins with a painful hip with no underlying disorder or other findings other than osteoporosis which is limited to the painful hip
transient osteoporosis of the hip
