Miscellaneous Flashcards
Name 3 risk factors for a BSI
1) Age
2) Immunocompromised
3) Number of procedures
4) Malnutrition
5) Multiple underlying conditions
What are two common sources of VADA BSI?
1) Colonization of the VAD
2) Colonization of the fluid through the VAD
Name three of the four ways extrinsic microorganisms gain access to a sterile space in the body.
1) Contaminated fluid injected
2) Skin flora at injection site
3) Catheter hub (part where meds are plugged into)
4) Intrinsically - infections elsewhere in the body can travel through the blood to the site of the VAD
Name three of the 4 most likely pathogens that cause pneumonia.
1) Staph aureus
2) Strep Pnemo
3) H-Flu
4) Moraxella
Other less common: Legionella, Chlamydia, Mycroplasm. TB can mimic pneumonia.
3 Risk factors for MDRO Colonization
1) hospitalization for >=5 days
2) immunocompromised
3) Antimicrobial therapy in preceding 90days
4) Risk factors for HCAP
5) High frequency of antibiotic resistance in community
3 ways to prevent atypical pneumonia? (not cause by the 4 main microorganisms)
1) Avoid endotrachael intubation
2) Subglottic secretion drainage
3) Reduced usage of nasogastric tubes
4) Enteral feeding 24-48hrs after intubation
3 risk factors for VAP
1) Head not elevated
2) Poor oral hygiene
3) Emergent intubation
4) Route or intubation - endotrachael is a risk factor)
5) Etomidate - short acting anesthesia
CDC classification of SSIs: Name the three types of cut location and describe them
1) Superficial incisional- skin + subcutaneous
2) Deep Incisional - Muscle + Fascia
3) Organ - organs
CDC classification of SSIs: Name the four types of wounds and describe.
Class 1 - Clean (C)
- uninfected wound
- resp, alimentary, genital or urinary tract are not entered
Class 2 - Clean Contaminated (CC)
- resp, alimentary, genital or urinary tract were entered. No unusual contamination
Class 3 - Contaminated (CO)
- Open, fresh, accidental wounds
Class 4 - Dirty Infected (D)
- old traumatic wounds with devitalized tissue and those that involve an existing clinical infection or perforated viscera
Required documentation for an IPCP
1) A documented IPCP
2) at least one trained IP
3) antibiotic stewardship program
4) QAPI program
3 of the 5 attributes outlined by the US National Patient Safety Foundation for all healthcare organizations to strive to implement
1) All HCP accept responsibility for safety
2) Safety priority over financial and operational goals
3) Org encourages/rewards identification of safety issues
4) Learning from accidents
5) Money allocated to maintain effective safety systems
Name the two subtypes of skill-based errors.
1) Slip - external failure (reduced intentionality)
2) Lapse - internal failure (memory failure)
How often should a risk assessment be performed?
Annually and whenever new risks arise.
Annual summary should also be shared and go over cost savings and outcomes. This should also be reviewed as part of the QAPI program
Name 5 vulnerable populations
1) immunocompromised
2) pregnant
3) dialysis
4) pediatric
5) elderly
4 common types of dialysis-associated infections
1) access site infections
2) bacteremia
3) peritonitis
4) BBP - HBV, HCV, HIV
