MiscellaneASS

Question 1

ANP released from the atrium of the heart functions to stimulate what?

Answer 1

Stimulates renal excretion of sodium

Question 2

What are the 3 factors that control the secretion ANP?

Answer 2

Increased blood pressure, blood volume, and plasma concentration

Question 3

What diseases are associated with ANP?

Answer 3

“Heart disease” and “Kidney disease”

Question 4

What are the 2 important hormones produced by the pancreas?

Answer 4

Insulin and Glucagon

Question 5

What is the cellular site of synthesis for Insulin within the pancreas? Glucagon?

Answer 5

Insulin = Beta cells
Glucagon = Alpha cells

Question 6

What is the function of Insulin? Glucagon?

Answer 6

Insulin = decrease blood glucose
Glucagon = increase blood glucose

Question 7

What hormone controls the of secretion plasma glucose?

Answer 7

Glucagon

Question 8

Insulin promotes glucose transport through the cell membrane into fats cells to form triglycerides by way of what enzyme?

Answer 8

α-glycerol phosphate

Question 9

Insulin inactivates what enzyme that causes liver glycogen to split into glucose?

Answer 9

liver phosphorylase

Question 10

Insulin enhances uptake of glucose by increasing what enzyme that “traps” the glucose in liver cells?

Answer 10

glucokinase

Question 11

Which hormone increases activity of enzymes to promote glycogen synthesis?

Answer 11

Insulin

Question 12

Insulin deficiency can cause β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone to produce extra ketone bodies…this condition is know as?

Answer 12

ketosis

Question 13

Insulin dependency (not enough cells to produce insulin leading to lack of insulin secretion) refers to which type of diabetes?

Answer 13

Type 1

Question 14

Non-insulin dependency (decrease sensitivity of tissues to insulin leading to insulin resistance) refers to which type of diabetes?

Answer 14

Type 2

Question 15

The following describes what type of diabetes?
Juvenile onset diabetes (~14 yr)
Can be caused by viral infection or auto immune disorders
Patient will need insulin for life

Answer 15

Type 1

Question 16

Obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome precede which type of diabetes?

Answer 16

Type 2

Question 17

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the secretion of what 2 hormones?

Answer 17

LH and FSH

Question 18

Which gonadotropic hormone stimulates the secretion of sex hormones? What sex hormones are released?

Answer 18

LH causes secretion of testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone

Question 19

Gonadotropic hormones are released from which brain structure?

Answer 19

anterior pituitary

Question 20

Testosterone is secreted by which specific cells of the testes?

Answer 20

Leydig cells

Question 21

Which specific cell of the ovaries respond to LH converting to testosterone and estrogen?

Answer 21

Theca cells

Question 22

Which gonadotropic hormone is essential for reproduction and stimulates the gonads?

Answer 22

LH

Question 23

Which gonadotropic hormone stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles?

Answer 23

FSH

Question 24

What is the function of FSH in males?

Answer 24

Supports sperm cell maturation throughout the process of spermatogenesis (Sertoli cells)

Question 25

What are the effects of Low FSH levels in males?

Answer 25

Infertility
Erectile dysfunction
Decreased libido
Low energy

Question 26

What are the effects of Low FSH levels in females?

Answer 26

Infertility
Oligomenorrhea (scant menses)
Amenorrhea (without menses)

Question 27

What hormone is released from the corpus luteum preparing the body for pregnancy?

Answer 27

Progesterone

Question 28

Progesterone is the precursor for what other hormone in males?

Answer 28

Testosterone

Question 29

What is the most frequently prescribed fertility drug?

Answer 29

Clomid

Question 30

What is the neurotransmitter that transmits pain about tissue damage?

Answer 30

Substance P

Question 31

What affect does Substance P have on the heart/BP?

Answer 31

Increases heart rate
Vasodilation
Decreases BP