MiscellaneASS Flashcards
(31 cards)
ANP released from the atrium of the heart functions to stimulate what?
Stimulates renal excretion of sodium
What are the 3 factors that control the secretion ANP?
Increased blood pressure, blood volume, and plasma concentration
What diseases are associated with ANP?
“Heart disease” and “Kidney disease”
What are the 2 important hormones produced by the pancreas?
Insulin and Glucagon
What is the cellular site of synthesis for Insulin within the pancreas? Glucagon?
Insulin = Beta cells Glucagon = Alpha cells
What is the function of Insulin? Glucagon?
Insulin = decrease blood glucose Glucagon = increase blood glucose
What hormone controls the of secretion plasma glucose?
Glucagon
Insulin promotes glucose transport through the cell membrane into fats cells to form triglycerides by way of what enzyme?
α-glycerol phosphate
Insulin inactivates what enzyme that causes liver glycogen to split into glucose?
liver phosphorylase
Insulin enhances uptake of glucose by increasing what enzyme that “traps” the glucose in liver cells?
glucokinase
Which hormone increases activity of enzymes to promote glycogen synthesis?
Insulin
Insulin deficiency can cause β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone to produce extra ketone bodies…this condition is know as?
ketosis
Insulin dependency (not enough cells to produce insulin leading to lack of insulin secretion) refers to which type of diabetes?
Type 1
Non-insulin dependency (decrease sensitivity of tissues to insulin leading to insulin resistance) refers to which type of diabetes?
Type 2
The following describes what type of diabetes?
Juvenile onset diabetes (~14 yr)
Can be caused by viral infection or auto immune disorders
Patient will need insulin for life
Type 1
Obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome precede which type of diabetes?
Type 2
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the secretion of what 2 hormones?
LH and FSH
Which gonadotropic hormone stimulates the secretion of sex hormones? What sex hormones are released?
LH causes secretion of testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone
Gonadotropic hormones are released from which brain structure?
anterior pituitary
Testosterone is secreted by which specific cells of the testes?
Leydig cells
Which specific cell of the ovaries respond to LH converting to testosterone and estrogen?
Theca cells
Which gonadotropic hormone is essential for reproduction and stimulates the gonads?
LH
Which gonadotropic hormone stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles?
FSH
What is the function of FSH in males?
Supports sperm cell maturation throughout the process of spermatogenesis (Sertoli cells)
