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Derm 1 > Misc Tumors > Flashcards

Misc Tumors Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is the most common tumor of infancy that is characterized by nodular mass of dilated vessels deep in dermis?

A

hemangioma of infancy

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2
Q

What are the two types of hemangioma of infancy?

A

A. deep/cavernous and B. superficial/strawberry

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3
Q

What is the treatment for hemangioma of infancy?

A

most (80-90%) resolve spontaneously within 5-8 years but surgery, interferon or propranolol may be indicated if obstructing vision or for cosmetic reasons

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4
Q

What is this?

A

Hemangioma of infancy

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5
Q

What type of vascular malformation is this?

A

stork bite/ salmon patch lesion

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6
Q

What type of vascular malformation is this?

A

port wine stain/ nevus flammeus

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7
Q

In what situation do you need to rule out vascular malfomation of the CNS

A

if the port wine stain/nevus flammeus is large, because 10% of them are CNS. Would refer out to dermatologist, ophthamologist and neurologist

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8
Q

What is the treatment for portwine stain/nevus flammeus?

A

some resolve on their own. pulsed dye laser could be done for cosmetic reasons

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9
Q

bright red, dome-shaped to polypoid papule with dilated, congested capillaries

A

cherry angioma

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10
Q

What is another name for cherry angioma?

A

senile angioma

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11
Q

At approximate what age do cherry angiomas appear?

A

30 years

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12
Q

What is the treatment for cherry angioma?

A

would only be done for cosmetic reasons:

  • radiosurgery
  • shave excision
  • laser
  • electrodesiccation
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13
Q

Where are spider angiomas commonly located?

A

face, arms and neck

more common in women

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14
Q

What other conditions are associated with spider angioma?

A
  • oral contraceptives
  • pregnancy
  • liver disease
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15
Q

What is the treatment for spider angioma?

A

only done for cosmetic reasons:

  • radio/electrosurgery
  • laser
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16
Q

central arteriole with radiating telagectasia

A

spider angioma

AKA: spide nevus, spider telangectasia, vascular spider

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17
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for venous lake?

A

Melanoma (B) because venous lake also appears on the face lip and ear, has variable, dark pigmentation and irregular borders. Venous lake (A) will however blanch with pressure

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18
Q

Dark blue to violet soft papule with dilated venule

A

venous lake

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19
Q

When do venous lake papules appear?

A

over 50

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20
Q

What is the treatment for venous lake?

A

only done for cosmetic reasons:

  • electrosurgery
  • laser
  • excision
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21
Q

What are alternative names for skin tags?

A

acrochordon

cutaneous papilloma

soft fibroma

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22
Q

Soft skin colored to slightly pigmented, pedunculated papule

A

Skin tag

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23
Q

Where do skin tags commonly occur?

A

neck, axilla, groin, eyelid, mouth

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24
Q

Skin tags have been linked with what diseases?

A

diabetes and colon polyps

* may refer for blood sugar eval and colonoscopy

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25
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for skin tags?

A

nevus

Both have similar pigmentation and location of occurance.

skin tags are usually narrower at the base and widen

nevi have a broader base and narrow as they grow

26
Q

Tender nodule on the pinnae that is usually unilateral and occurs over 50 years of age

A

chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis

*early stages present with a central crust at apex of nodule

*long standing presents with dense rolled edges

27
Q

Predisposing factors for chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis?

A
  • actinic damage
  • cold exposure
  • trauma
  • local ischemia
28
Q

What is the treatment for chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis?

A
  • excision
  • electrodesiccation
  • curettage
  • cryotherapy
29
Q

rapidly developing hemangioma with recurrent bleeding, often at site of trauma

A

pyogenic granuloma

30
Q

What is the treatment for pyogenic granuloma?

A
  • excision/biopsy (to rule out melanoma if suspicious - see image)
  • electrodesiccation of base to prevent recurrence
31
Q

1-3 mm macules of local proliferation of melanocytes due to chronic sun exposure

A

solar lentigo

AKA liver spots, senile freckles

32
Q

Who develops solar lentigo?

A

40 + year old with type 1, 2, 3 skin types that hace chronically been exposed to sun

33
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for solar lentigo?

A

melanoma (B)

* monitor if there are multiple shades and border changes and refer or biopsy

(A) is solar lentigo

34
Q

What is the treatment for solar lentigo?

A
  • hydroquinone solution
  • tretinoin
  • azelaic acid cream
  • glycolic acid peels and creams
  • light cryotherapy
35
Q

What are the three main categories of cutaneous cysts?

A
  • stratified squamous epithelium
  • non-stratified squamous epithelium
  • absence of epithelium
36
Q

well demarcated dermal nodule filled with keratin and lipid debris (can smell) that may have thin walled central punctum

A

Sebaceous (Epidermoid) cyst

AKA sebaceous, infundibular or epidermal inclusion cyst

37
Q

What is the most common cutaneous cyst?

A

epidermoid cyst

38
Q

What is the treatment for epidermoid cyst?

A

would only treat for cosmetic reasons:

  • excision
  • SSKI Acupuncture
39
Q

White to yellow, single or multiple, small epidermoid cysts that occur throughout life, mostly on the face

A

milia

40
Q

What is the treatment for milia?

A

infants: usually resolve spontaneously
adults: excision and express or retinoid therapy

41
Q

smooth firm dome-shaped nodule, filled with keratin and often calcified cholesterol

A

trichilemmal cyst

AKA pilar cyst, wen, isthmus-catagen cyst

42
Q

epidermoid cysts and trichilemmal cysts are often clinically indistiguishable. What makes them different?

A

epidermoid cyst - thin walled and occurs of face and trunk

trichilemmal cyst: thick walled and occurs on scalp 90% of the time. sometimes containes calcified cholesterol

43
Q

What is the second most common cutaneous cyst?

A

trichilemmal cyst

44
Q

What is the treatment for trichilemmal cysts?

A

excision

45
Q

soft nodule with mucous filled cavity that arises from ruptured salivary gland. sometimes has a bluish hue and tastes slaty when it pops

A

mucocele

46
Q

What is the treatment for mucocele?

A

excision and drainage

47
Q

solitary, translucent, viscous fluid filled cyst over DIP or nail base that occurs in middle aged and elderly

A

digital mucous cyst

AKA myxoid cyst, synovial cyst, myxoid pseudocyst

48
Q

What is the treatment for digital mucous cyst?

A
  • excision and drainage WITH compression (will come back without compression)
  • intralesional corticosteroid
  • cryotherapy
49
Q

What cutanenous lesion are DC’s not able to treat under their scope?

A

ganglion cyst

50
Q

soft cystic mass filled with clear gelatinous mucin produced by fibroblasts

* often communicates with tendon or joint capsule

A

ganglion cyst

51
Q

What is the treatment for ganglion cysts?

A
  • compression early
  • aspiration/sclerosant
  • corticosteroid injection
  • excision
  • acupuncture
52
Q

granulomatous enlargement of lid with edema and initial irritation that then become painless as it grows

A

meibomian cyst

AKA chalazion, tarsal cyst

53
Q

What is the treatment for meibomian cyst?

A
  • hot compresses for 10-15 minutes, QID for 2-3 weeks
  • steroid injection
  • incision and curettege with antibiotics
54
Q

soft, subcutaneous nodule of fat that occurs mostly on neck, trunk, arms and buttock

A

lipoma

55
Q

What is the treatment for lipoma?

A

cosmetic excision/liposuction

56
Q

slow growing yellow-brown macule, papule, plaque or nodule of lipid deposts in the skin and tendons

A

xanthoma

57
Q

xanthoma can be indicative of what other pathology?

A

hyperlipoproteinemia

58
Q

What is the treatment for xanthoma?

A
  • laser
  • excision
  • electrodessication
  • trichloroacetic acid
59
Q

painful papule/macule that ulcerates in the oropharyngeal region however can also occur anywhere in GI

A

aphthous ulcer

AKA canker sore

60
Q

Aphthous ulcers are typically idiopathic or a result of trauma and will resolve spontaneously. If they persist longer than 6 weeks, what other pathology should be ruled out?

A

HIV

Behcets

61
Q

What is the treatment for aphthous ulcer?

A

triamcinolone in lidocaine

DG licorice

62
Q

What are A and B?

A

A. Venous lake will blanch with pressure

B. Melanoma will not blanch

Derm 1 (8 decks)

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