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Misc Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common tumor of infancy that is characterized by nodular mass of dilated vessels deep in dermis?

A

hemangioma of infancy

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2
Q

What are the two types of hemangioma of infancy?

A

A. deep/cavernous and B. superficial/strawberry

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3
Q

What is the treatment for hemangioma of infancy?

A

most (80-90%) resolve spontaneously within 5-8 years but surgery, interferon or propranolol may be indicated if obstructing vision or for cosmetic reasons

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4
Q

What is this?

A

Hemangioma of infancy

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5
Q

What type of vascular malformation is this?

A

stork bite/ salmon patch lesion

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6
Q

What type of vascular malformation is this?

A

port wine stain/ nevus flammeus

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7
Q

In what situation do you need to rule out vascular malfomation of the CNS

A

if the port wine stain/nevus flammeus is large, because 10% of them are CNS. Would refer out to dermatologist, ophthamologist and neurologist

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8
Q

What is the treatment for portwine stain/nevus flammeus?

A

some resolve on their own. pulsed dye laser could be done for cosmetic reasons

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9
Q

bright red, dome-shaped to polypoid papule with dilated, congested capillaries

A

cherry angioma

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10
Q

What is another name for cherry angioma?

A

senile angioma

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11
Q

At approximate what age do cherry angiomas appear?

A

30 years

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12
Q

What is the treatment for cherry angioma?

A

would only be done for cosmetic reasons:

  • radiosurgery
  • shave excision
  • laser
  • electrodesiccation
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13
Q

Where are spider angiomas commonly located?

A

face, arms and neck

more common in women

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14
Q

What other conditions are associated with spider angioma?

A
  • oral contraceptives
  • pregnancy
  • liver disease
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15
Q

What is the treatment for spider angioma?

A

only done for cosmetic reasons:

  • radio/electrosurgery
  • laser
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16
Q

central arteriole with radiating telagectasia

A

spider angioma

AKA: spide nevus, spider telangectasia, vascular spider

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17
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for venous lake?

A

Melanoma (B) because venous lake also appears on the face lip and ear, has variable, dark pigmentation and irregular borders. Venous lake (A) will however blanch with pressure

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18
Q

Dark blue to violet soft papule with dilated venule

A

venous lake

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19
Q

When do venous lake papules appear?

A

over 50

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20
Q

What is the treatment for venous lake?

A

only done for cosmetic reasons:

  • electrosurgery
  • laser
  • excision
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21
Q

What are alternative names for skin tags?

A

acrochordon

cutaneous papilloma

soft fibroma

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22
Q

Soft skin colored to slightly pigmented, pedunculated papule

A

Skin tag

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23
Q

Where do skin tags commonly occur?

A

neck, axilla, groin, eyelid, mouth

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24
Q

Skin tags have been linked with what diseases?

A

diabetes and colon polyps

* may refer for blood sugar eval and colonoscopy

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25
What is the differential diagnosis for skin tags?
nevus Both have similar pigmentation and location of occurance. skin tags are usually narrower at the base and widen nevi have a broader base and narrow as they grow
26
Tender nodule on the pinnae that is usually unilateral and occurs over 50 years of age
chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis \*early stages present with a central crust at apex of nodule \*long standing presents with dense rolled edges
27
Predisposing factors for chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis?
- actinic damage - cold exposure - trauma - local ischemia
28
What is the treatment for chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis?
- excision - electrodesiccation - curettage - cryotherapy
29
rapidly developing hemangioma with recurrent bleeding, often at site of trauma
pyogenic granuloma
30
What is the treatment for pyogenic granuloma?
- excision/biopsy (to rule out melanoma if suspicious - see image) - electrodesiccation of base to prevent recurrence
31
1-3 mm macules of local proliferation of melanocytes due to chronic sun exposure
solar lentigo AKA liver spots, senile freckles
32
Who develops solar lentigo?
40 + year old with type 1, 2, 3 skin types that hace chronically been exposed to sun
33
What is the differential diagnosis for solar lentigo?
melanoma (B) \* monitor if there are multiple shades and border changes and refer or biopsy (A) is solar lentigo
34
What is the treatment for solar lentigo?
- hydroquinone solution - tretinoin - azelaic acid cream - glycolic acid peels and creams - light cryotherapy
35
What are the three main categories of cutaneous cysts?
- stratified squamous epithelium - non-stratified squamous epithelium - absence of epithelium
36
well demarcated dermal nodule filled with keratin and lipid debris (can smell) that may have thin walled central punctum
Sebaceous (Epidermoid) cyst AKA sebaceous, infundibular or epidermal inclusion cyst
37
What is the most common cutaneous cyst?
epidermoid cyst
38
What is the treatment for epidermoid cyst?
would only treat for cosmetic reasons: - excision - SSKI Acupuncture
39
White to yellow, single or multiple, small epidermoid cysts that occur throughout life, mostly on the face
milia
40
What is the treatment for milia?
infants: usually resolve spontaneously adults: excision and express or retinoid therapy
41
smooth firm dome-shaped nodule, filled with keratin and often calcified cholesterol
trichilemmal cyst AKA pilar cyst, wen, isthmus-catagen cyst
42
epidermoid cysts and trichilemmal cysts are often clinically indistiguishable. What makes them different?
epidermoid cyst - thin walled and occurs of face and trunk trichilemmal cyst: thick walled and occurs on scalp 90% of the time. sometimes containes calcified cholesterol
43
What is the second most common cutaneous cyst?
trichilemmal cyst
44
What is the treatment for trichilemmal cysts?
excision
45
soft nodule with mucous filled cavity that arises from ruptured salivary gland. sometimes has a bluish hue and tastes slaty when it pops
mucocele
46
What is the treatment for mucocele?
excision and drainage
47
solitary, translucent, viscous fluid filled cyst over DIP or nail base that occurs in middle aged and elderly
digital mucous cyst AKA myxoid cyst, synovial cyst, myxoid pseudocyst
48
What is the treatment for digital mucous cyst?
- excision and drainage WITH compression (will come back without compression) - intralesional corticosteroid - cryotherapy
49
What cutanenous lesion are DC's not able to treat under their scope?
ganglion cyst
50
soft cystic mass filled with clear gelatinous mucin produced by fibroblasts \* often communicates with tendon or joint capsule
ganglion cyst
51
What is the treatment for ganglion cysts?
- compression early - aspiration/sclerosant - corticosteroid injection - excision - acupuncture
52
granulomatous enlargement of lid with edema and initial irritation that then become painless as it grows
meibomian cyst AKA chalazion, tarsal cyst
53
What is the treatment for meibomian cyst?
- hot compresses for 10-15 minutes, QID for 2-3 weeks - steroid injection - incision and curettege with antibiotics
54
soft, subcutaneous nodule of fat that occurs mostly on neck, trunk, arms and buttock
lipoma
55
What is the treatment for lipoma?
cosmetic excision/liposuction
56
slow growing yellow-brown macule, papule, plaque or nodule of lipid deposts in the skin and tendons
xanthoma
57
xanthoma can be indicative of what other pathology?
hyperlipoproteinemia
58
What is the treatment for xanthoma?
- laser - excision - electrodessication - trichloroacetic acid
59
painful papule/macule that ulcerates in the oropharyngeal region however can also occur anywhere in GI
aphthous ulcer AKA canker sore
60
Aphthous ulcers are typically idiopathic or a result of trauma and will resolve spontaneously. If they persist longer than 6 weeks, what other pathology should be ruled out?
HIV Behcets
61
What is the treatment for aphthous ulcer?
triamcinolone in lidocaine DG licorice
62
What are A and B?
A. Venous lake will blanch with pressure B. Melanoma will not blanch

Derm 1 (8 decks)

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