Misc Section Final Flashcards
Acne agents 2 Trades?
Differin
Duac
Differin generic and details?
adapalene (acne agent)
• qday
• Cream, lotion, gel
• Reduces comedo formation; acne may worsen the first few weeks due to exacerbation of deep, unseen lesions
Duac generic and details?
benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin (acne agent)
• qday
• Gel
• Refrigerate in the pharmacy; can be stored at room temperature for 60 days
Anticoagulant indications and definitions?
Indicated for thrombosis; do not dissolve thrombi just keep them from getting bigger
• Thrombosis – presence of a thrombus
• Thrombus – clot
Anticoagulant Trades?
Coumadin
Pradaxa
(Mephyton)
Coumadin generic, strengths, MOA
warfarin (anticoagulant)
• qday
• 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.5, 10 mg tablet
• Inhibits the synthesis of the Vitamin K dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X
• Do not change diet; increasing Vitamin K intake could decrease Coumadin effectiveness
warfarin monitoring details?
- International Normalized Ratio is used to monitor warfarin therapy
- Patient not taking warfarin → INR of 1 is normal
- Patient taking warfarin → INR of 2-3 is normal: more than 3 → decrease dose; less than 2 → increase dose
Trade and generic for warfarin overdose?
Mephyton - phytonadione
Vitamin K tablets for Coumadin overdose
Pradaxa generic, dosing, MOA
dabigatran
• BID
• Thrombin inhibitor; thrombin is an enzyme used for fibrin formation and fibrin is necessary for clot formation
• Does not require monitoring
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor MOA, counseling, dosing
Inhibit enzyme preventing the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate (decrease cholesterol)
o May cause rhabdomyolysis – muscle pain and weakness
• Muscle tissue is destroyed → myoglobin is released → may precipitate in the kidney → renal failure
o Administer in the evening because cholesterol is synthesized mainly at night
o All qday (Exception: Lescol BID)
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor generics?
fluvastatin pravastatin simvastatin atorvastatin rosuvastatin pitavastatin lovastatin
fluvastatin Trade?
Lescol, Lescol XL
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
pravastatin Trade?
Pravachol
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
simvastatin Trade?
Zocor
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
atorvastatin Trade?
Lipitor
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
rosuvastatin Trade?
Crestor
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
pitavastatin Trade?
Livalo
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
lovastatin Trade?
Mevacor and Altoprev
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
Bile Acid Sequestrants dose form and counseling?
o Powder for oral suspension → mix with 8 ounces water and drink
o HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and bile acid sequstrants should not be administered concurrently → reduced bioavailability of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Bile Acid Sequestrants generics?
cholestyramine
colestipol
colesevelam
cholestyramine Trade?
Questran, Prevalite
Bile Acid Sequestrants
colestipol Trade?
Colestid
Bile Acid Sequestrants
colesevelam Trade and details?
Welchol (Bile Acid Sequestrant) •625 mg tablet: 6 tablets qdaily or 3 tablets BID •1.875 g packet for oral suspension: BID •3.75 g packet for oral suspension: qday •3.75 g daily dose
Miscellaneous Cholesterol drug generics? (5)
ezetimibe, exetimibe + simvastatin,
omega 3-fatty acids, gemfibrozil
fenofibrate, fenofibric acid
ezetimibe Trade and MOA?
Zetia
inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine
ezetimibe combination product?
Vytorin
ezetimibe, simvastatin
omega 3-fatty acids Trade and dosing?
Lovaza
•1000 mg capsule
•4 grams qday; single dose or 2 capsules BID
fenofibrate Trade?
Tricor, Triglide, Lofibra
fenofibric acid Trade and extra?
Trilipix
•May be used concomitantly with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
gemfibrozil Trade and dosing?
Lopid
BID
Antimigraine agents generics?
Super Elephants Feel nauseated zooming along rollercoasters)
sumatriptan eletriptan frovatriptan naratriptan zolmitriptan almotriptan rizatriptan
sumatriptan Trade and dosing?
Imitrex
• Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg → max daily dose of 200 mg
• Injection: 4 mg/0.5 mL, 6 mg/0.5 mL
• Nasal spray: 20 mg
eletriptan Trade and dosing?
Relpax
•20 mg & 40 mg tablet→ max daily dose of 80 mg
frovatriptan, naratriptan Trades?
Frova - frovatriptan
Amerge - naratriptan
zolmitriptan, almotriptan Trades?
Zomig - zolmitriptan
Axert - almotriptan
rizatriptan Trade and dosing?
Maxalt (5mg, 10mg tablet → max daily dose of 30 mg) Maxalt MLT (5mg, 10mg OTD)
Daily vit D and calcium needs for age groups?
- Patients under 70 need 600 units/day of vitamin D
- Patients over 70 need 800 units/day of vitamin D
- Women under 50 and men under 70 need 1,000 mg/day of calcium
- Women over 50 and men over 70 need 1,200 mg/day of calcium
Osteoporosis medication counsing?
o Take on an empty stomach, take with a full glass of water, and remain upright for 30 minutes
• Can cause esophageal irritation
Osteoporosis generics?
risedronate, ibandronate, alendronate
alendronate/cholecalciferol
calcitonin-salmon
teriparatide
risedronate Trade and dosing?
Actonel (bisphosphonate)
• qweekly – 35 mg tablet
• qmonthly – 70 mg tablet
ibandronate Trade and dosing?
Boniva (bisphosphonate)
• qmonthly
• 150 mg tablet
alendronate Trade and dosing?
Fosamax (bisphosphonate)
• Qweekly
• 70 mg tablet
alendronate combination product Trade and dosing?
Fosamax Plus D (cholecalciferol)
• Qweekly
• Tablet
• 4 tablets/pack
• 70 mg alendronate, 70 mcg cholecalciferol (2,800 units of Vitamin D)
• 70 mg alendronate, 140 mcg cholecalciferol ( 5,600 units of Vitamin D)
calcitonin-salmon Trade and dosing, storage?
Miacalcin, Fortical
• One spray qday, Nasal spray
• Refrigerate in the pharmacy; can be stored at room temperature for 30 days
• Cannot be substituted for one another
teriparatide Trade and dosing?
Forteo
•qday SQ injection
•Stimulates osteoblast production and bone formation
•Refrigerate
Proton Pump Inhibitor indications, MOA?
o Indicated for treatment of duodenal ulcers, GERD, gastric ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
o Block the final step of gastric acid production by inhibiting the proton pump in the gastric mucosa
o Acid-labile medications
o Administered qday
PPI generics?
L_, O_, PRO
lansoprazole dexlansoprazole omeprazole esomeprazole pantoprazole rabeprazole omeprazole, sodium bicarbonate
lansoprazole Trade and dosing?
Prevacid - 15mg, 30mg Delayed release capsule; 15mg is OTC
Prevacid Solutab - 15mg, 30mg ODT (enteric coated microgranules)
dexlansoprazole Trade and dosing?
Dexilant - R-isomer
dual release mechanism: initial release, 2nd release 4 hours later
omeprazole Trade and dosing?
esomeprazole Trade?
Prilosec (omeprazole)
• 10, 20, 40 mg delayed release capsule
• 20 mg delayed release tablet
Nexium (esomeprazole)
pantoprazole, rabeprazole Trades?
Protonix (pantoprazole)
Aciphex (rabeprazole)
omeprazole combination product Trade and details?
Zegerid, Zegerid OTC
omeprazole, sodium bicarbonate
• Capsule
• Single packets of powder for oral suspension → mix with 30 mL of water before using
• Sodium bicarbonate protects omeprazole from gastric acid
Histamine-2 receptor antagonist MOA and Indications?
o Inhibit gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the action of histamine at the H-2 receptors on the parietal cells
o Indicated for duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, heartburn, and GERD
H-2 receptor antagonist generic/Trade and dosing?
Zantac - ranitidine
• 75, 150, 300 mg tablet: 75 and 150 mg are available OTC
• 15 mg/mL syrup
Indication and generics for antihcolinergic?
Ind: overactive bladder
trospium
darfenacin
solifenacin
trospium Trade and form?
Sanctura - IR tab
Sanctura XR - ER capsule
anticholinergic
darifenacin, solifenacin Trade and dosing?
Enablex darifenacin qday
Vesicare solifenacin qday
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors generics?
sildenafil - Viagra
vardenafil - Levitra
tadalafil - Cialis
sildenafil Trade and strengths, counseling
Viagra
• 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablet
• Take on empty stomach one hour before sexual activity
• Seek medical assistance if priapism lasts more than 4 hours
• No effect if there is no sexual stimulation
vardenafil Trade and strength, counseling?
Levitra
• qday
• 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg tablet
• Take on empty stomach
tadalafil Trade and strength, indications
Cialis • qday • 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg tablet • Treatment of BPH symptoms and impotence • Can be taken without regard to meals
Alzheimer’s drug category, MOA?
o Cholinesterase inhibitors: inhibit cholinesterase → increase ACh levels in the brain
o NMDA receptor antagonist: block actions of glutamate by binding to NMDA receptors
cholinesterase inhibitor generics?
rivastigmine - Exelon Patch
donepezil - Aricept
galantamine - Razadyne
memantine - Namenda (XR)
rivastigmine, galantamine Trades?
Exelon Patch - rivastigmine
Razadyne - galantamine
donepezil Trade and strengths?
Aricept • qday • 5 mg, 10 mg, 23 mg tablet • 5 mg and 10 mg ODT • Patients can increase dose to 23 mg if taking 10 mg for three months
memantine Trade and strengths?
Nemenda - BID 5mg, 10mg tab; oral solution Namenda XR - QDay , 14, 21, and 28 mg ER capsule • Initial dose: 7 mg qday → increase in weekly 7 mg increments • Maintenance dose: 28 mg qday
5 alpha reductase inhibitors MOA and trades?
Metabolizes testosterone to dihydrotestosterone → alopecia and prostate enlargement
finasteride
dutasteride
finasteride Trades and dosing?
Proscar (5mg qday for prostate reduction)
Propecia (1mg qday for alopecia)
must use for 3 months to see results and withdrawal of treatment leads to reversal of effect within 12 months
dutasteride Trade and indication?
Avodart
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants (4)
sick zebras feel sad
Skelaxin metaxolone
Zanaflex tizanidine
Flexeril cyclobenzaprine
Soma carisoprodol
Bowel disease suppressant indication and generic?
mesalamine
for ulcerative colitis
Trades for mesalamine and dosing?
6
Delzicol - TID 400mg DR cap Asacol HD - TID 800mg DR tab Lialda - QDay 1.2g tab Pentasa - ER capsule Rowasa - rectal suspension Canasa - rectal suppository
topical immunosuppressant?
Elidel - pimecrolimus
Ind: atopic dermatitis
BID cream
local anesthetic?
Lidoderm - lidocaine
• qday Transdermal
• Indicated for pain associated PHN
• Put one on for 12 hours, then remove for 12 hours
osmotic laxative for constipation directions and generic/Trade?
polyethylene glycol 3350
MiraLax - OTC
GlycoLax - Rx
Powder for oral solution: 17 g of powder in 8 ounces of water
bowel cleansing laxatives directions?
- Powder for oral solution: drink 8 ounces of solution every 10 minutes until 4 L are consumed
- Exception: HalfLytely is a 2 L solution
- Contain electrolytes to replace those lost during the bowel cleansing
bowel cleansing laxatives Trades?
polyethylene glycol 3350 TriLyte MovePrep CoLyte Nulytely HalfLytely
gastrointestinal agent Trade/generic and indications?
Amitiza - lubiprostone
BID
•8 mcg capsule for IBS
•24 mcg capsule for chronic constipation
smoking cessation Trade generic and dosing?
Chantix - varenicline • 0.5 mg and 1 mg tablet • Day 1-3: 0.5 mg qday • Day 4-7: 0.5 mg BID • Day 8 through end of treatment: 1 mg BID
antineoplastic agents other name, indications, counseling?
Aromatase Inhibitors
Ind: breast cancer Tx
o Causes an increased risk of fractures due to reduction in bone mineral density → use a bisphosphonate or calcium supplement
Aromatase Inhibitor Trade/generics
Arimidex anastrozole
Femara letrozole
Immunosupressant agents indications and Trade/generic?
Ind: prophylaxis of organ rejection
mycophenolate - CellCept, Sandimmune (BID)
cyclosporine - Neoral
topical anticholinergic?
Transderm-Scop - scopolamine
oInd: prevention of nausea and vomiting: apply 4 hours before antiemetic effect is needed
oApply every 3 days
Last 4 Random shit generics?
metoclopramide
allopurinol
febuxostat
clonidine
metoclopramide strengths, Ind, category?
- 5 mg and 10 mg tablet
- 5 mg/5 mL syrup
- Indicated for GERD
- Gastrointestinal stimulant
- For children the dose is often less than 1 mL: overdose causes extrapyramidal effects
allopurinol Trade and Ind, category?
Zyloprim
Ind: gout
Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
febuxostat Trade and dosing, Ind, category?
Uloric - QDay
Ind: gout
Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
clonidine oral Trade and dosing?
Catapres • qday • 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg tablet • Antihypertensive • Do not discontinue abruptly → rebound hypertension
clonidine transdermal Trade and dosing?
Catapres TTS • qweek • 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/24 hours transdermal • Antihypertensive • Do not discontinue abruptly → rebound hypertension
