Misc Questions Flashcards
An investigation was undertaken to determine if there was a relationship between the quantity of coronary artery blockage and cholesterol levels in obese Caucasian males undergoing cardiac catheterization during January of 2013. The results indicate a strong positive correlation, r = .88, p = .001. What statistical test would you suspect was used to analyze these data? Spearman Rho correlation test Independent t test (Student’s t test) Pearson Product Moment Mann-Whitney U test Repeated measure ANOVA
Pearson Product Moment
Rationale: Variables are coronary artery blockage quantity and cholesterol level, which are interval level data, so this is a correlation between 2 interval level variables and a parametric correlation test is used.
A researcher hypothesized that there would be no difference in respiratory rates for patients who self-administered respiratory treatments compared to respiratory treatments administered by a healthcare provider. Which would be the most appropriate statistical test? Paired (dependent) t test Pearson’s r Mann-Whitney U test Independent (Student’s) t test None of the above
Independent (Student’s) t test
Rationale: Dependent variable is respiratory rates, which is interval level data and 2 groups are being compared one time only.
Capillary blood glucose levels were studied in four groups of patients with diabetes who had varying social support systems. Fasting glucose levels were obtained for each group member using a calibrated glucose meter. Subsequently, the mean glucose levels for the groups were compared. Student’s (Independent) t test Paired (Dependent) t test Kruskal Wallis Pearon’s r ANOVA
ANOVA
Rationale: Dependent variable is glucose level, which is interval level data and 4 groups are being compared or measured one time only.
A researcher wishes to predict the age at which obese adolescents with pre-diabetes will become type 2 diabetics. The variables utilized to predict the age are current weight, fasting blood glucose, grams of carbohydrates consumed per day, and grams of protein consumed per day. Which statistical test would be the most appropriate to use? ANCOVA Logistic regression Multiple linear regression MANOVA
Logistic regression
You notice that many of your obese pediatric patients are developing multiple cardiac risk factors after transitioning into adulthood. You wish to test the impact of a new behavioral intervention, compared to standard caloric restriction, on BMI, resting heart rate, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol levels. Which statistical test would be the most appropriate to use? ANCOVA Logistic regression Multiple regression MANOVA
MANOVA
You are a pediatric provider and wish to identify young boys who are at risk for becoming obese so that you may implement an intervention to decrease their likelihood of becoming obese. Your model includes age, BMI, average daily caloric intake, and average minutes of physical activity per day. Which statistical test would be most appropriate to utilize in this scenario? ANCOVA Logistic regression Multiple regression MANOVA
Multiple regression
You are conducting a study comparing mean depression scores among widowed men with varying degrees of social support and would like to control for age. What statistical test would be the most appropriate to use? ANOVA ANCOVA Logistic regression Simple linear regression
ANCOVA
A researcher wanted to know if there is a correlation between amount of ETOH consumption (measured on a scale with possible responses of ‘never’, ‘q day’, ‘q week’, ‘q month’) and quality of life (measured with an instrument that ranked quality of life responses on a scale from 1- 4 ‘low’ to ‘very high’ quality of life). Which test should be used?
a) Student’s t test
b) Kruskal Wallis
c) Pearson’s r
d) Spearman’s rho
e) Friedman test
d) Spearman’s rho
RATIONALE: Variables are ETOH consumption and Quality of life, which are non- interval level data (both ordinal or nominal). Since this is a correlation between 2 non-continuous variables, a non-parametric correlation test is used.
A group HIV patients were given a test medication
designed to halt their decline in CD-4 cells. There
were 4 different age groups: 18-30; 31-40; 41-50;
and >50. CD-4 blood tests were drawn every month
for the next 2 years to test for change over time.
Which would be the most appropriate statistical test.
a) Student’s (Independent) t test
b) Paired (Dependent) t test
c) Friedman
d) Repeated Measures ANOVA
e) Kruskal Wallis
d) Repeated Measures ANOVA
RATIONALE: Dependent variable is CD-4 blood cell count, which is ratio level data it is being measured repeated times, ie q month over 2 years or 48 times. IV is age group, which has 4 distinct categories of ages.
To determine if there were any differences in health care satisfaction ratings, a researcher surveyed four different units in a local hospital including ICU, IMC, Med-Surg, and the ED. Health care satisfaction responses were ranked on a 1 – 10 scale with ‘1’ being the lowest and ‘10’ the highest rating. Results indicated that the ICU ratings were significantly different from the IMC, Med-Surg, and ED ratings. Which would be the most appropriate statistical test to determine this?
a) Mann Whitney U test
b) Paired (Dependent) t test
c) Friedman
d) Repeated Measures ANOVA
e) Kruskal-Wallis
e) Kruskal-Wallis
RATIONALE: Dependent variable is satisfaction
ratings, which is non-interval, non-continuous
level data. Only 4 groups are being compared or
measured only 1 time.
A group of nurses from your practice attended a CPR
lecture that reviewed the new CPR guidelines. A 50-item
test was given to all the nurses immediately following
the lecture, and again in 1 month. The researcher
wanted to see if the nurses’ test scores remained the
same indicating that they retained the information
provided in the lecture. What statistical test would be
appropriate to answer this question?
a. Dependent t-test, also called a paired t-test
b. Independent t test, also called the Student’s t test
c. 1-way ANOVA
d. Mann-Whitney U Test
a. Dependent t-test, also called a paired t-test
RATIONALE: Dependent variable is score on CPR test, which is
interval level data and 1 group is being compared or measured 2
times (once after the lecture and again in 1 month)
A survey was given to a group of primigravidas attending
a birthing class at their local hospital. The test was given
in their first trimester and then again in the third
trimester to assess the degree of difference in perceived
anxiety levels in primigravidas at the beginning and end
of their pregnancy. The instrument that was used to
assess anxiety ranked responses on a scale from 1- 10
(‘low’ to ‘very high’ levels of anxiety).
a. Dependent t-test, also called a paired t-test
b. Independent t test, also called the Student’s t test
c. Wilcoxon signed-rank test
d. Pearson correlation test
e. None of the above
c. Wilcoxon signed-rank test
RATIONALE: Dependent variable is anxiety level, which is non-
interval level data (ordinal) and 1 group is being compared 2 times
(in first trimester and again in third trimester)
A quality-of-life test was given to a group of end stage
renal patients just prior to their first (initial) hemodialysis
treatment. The same test was given to the same group of
patients 2 years later. The quality-of-life instrument that
was used ranked responses on a scale from 1- 4 (‘low’ to
‘very high’ quality of life). The results indicated higher
quality of life prior to the start of hemodialysis, p = 0.04.
What statistical test do you think was used to determine
this?
a. Independent t-test, also called the student t-test
b. Wilcoxon signed-rank test
c. Friedman Test
d. Phi coefficient
e. Mann-Whitney U test
b. Wilcoxon signed-rank test
RATIONALE: Dependent variable is quality-of-life ratings, which is
non-interval level data (ordinal) and 1 group is being compared or
measured 2 times (NP equivalent to paired t-test).
A group of old (> 65 yrs) and young (< 65 yrs)
diabetic patients were studied to determine
which proportions of each lived on either the
East, West, or Central sections of town. Which
statistical test might be used to determine these
values?
a. Dependent t-test, also called a paired t-test
b. Independent t test, also called the Student’s t
test
c. Repeated Measure ANOVA
d. Pearson Product Moment Correlation test
e. Chi Square test
e. Chi Square test
RATIONALE: when testing for ‘proportions’ use the chi
square
A researcher asked the following question: Is there a
difference in African Americans’ and Caucasian
Americans’ satisfaction ratings regarding hemodialysis
therapy? The Satisfaction Index was used to measure
satisfaction – responses on this instrument are ranked on
a 1-5 Likert scale with ‘5’ representing the highest
satisfaction. After the data are collected, which would be
the most appropriate statistical test to analyzed these
data?
a. Dependent t-test, also called a paired t-test
b. Independent t test, also called the Student’s t test
c. Repeated measure ANOVA
d. Mann-Whitney U test
e. Pearson Product Moment Correlation test
d. Mann-Whitney U test
RATIONALE: Dependent variable is satisfaction ratings, which are
ordinal non-interval level data and 2 groups are being compared or
measured only 1 time
