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CCNA > Misc - Exam A > Flashcards

Misc - Exam A Flashcards

1
Q

What is the default administrative distance for eBGP?

A

20

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2
Q

What is the default administrative distance for a EIGRP summary route?

A

5

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3
Q

What is the default administrative distance for an IGRP route?

A

100

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4
Q

What is the default administrative distance for an IS-IS route?

A

115

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5
Q

What is the default administrative distance for an External EIGRP route?

A

170

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6
Q

What is the default administrative distance for an iBGP route?

A

200

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7
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does DNS use?

A

TCP and UDP 53

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8
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does TFTP use?

A

UDP 69

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9
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does SNMP use?

A

UDP 161 and 162

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10
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does SMTP use?

A

TCP 25

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11
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does FTP use?

A

TCP 20 and 21

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12
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does POP3 use?

A

TCP 110

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13
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does Telnet use?

A

TCP 23

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14
Q

What Transport layer protocol and port does DHCP use?

A

UDP 67 and 68

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15
Q

What is the default reference bandwidth for OSPF?

A

100,000,000 (100Mbps)

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16
Q

What OSPF network types have default Hello and Dead timers of 10 and 40 seconds?

A

Broadcast and Point-to-Point

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17
Q

What OSPF network types have default Hello and Dead timers of 30 and 120 seconds?

A

Non-broadcast

Point-to-multipoint

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18
Q

True / False: Point to Multipoint OSPF networks do not perform DR/BDR election

A

True

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19
Q

What OSPF network types do send Multicast updates?

A

Broadcast
PPP
Point to Multipoint

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20
Q

How would you set the OSPF network type?

A

ip ospf network {point-to-point}

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21
Q

What IEEE standard is LACP?

A

802.3ad

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22
Q

True / False: If two sides of a link configure different EtherChannel aggregation protocols for negotiation, the link will be formed anyway with the first configured one

A

False. The protocol must match on each switch

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23
Q

What IEEE standard is LLDP?

A

802.1AB

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24
Q

What Multicast destination address does LLDP use?

A

0180.C200.000E

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25
Q

What Multicast destination address does CDP use?

A

0100.0CCC.CCCC

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26
Q

How often are LLDP advertisements sent by default? What is the holdtime?

A

30 seconds

120 seconds

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27
Q

How often are CDP advertisments sent by default? What is the holdtime?

A

60 seconds

180 seconds

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28
Q

What is STP flapping on a port and what could be the cause?

A

Process repeats: root bridge selection, port role switch, port status migration. Convergence fails.

Link fault (cable, rate, duplex)
Node or network fault causing STP packets to not be sent, processed, or discarded
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29
Q

What IEEE standard is STP?

A

802.1d

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30
Q

What IEEE standard is RSTP?

A

802.1w

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31
Q

How would you enable RSTP?

A

spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst

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32
Q

What are the two port roles STP and RSTP have in common?

A

Designated port

Root port

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33
Q

What are the two port roles that exist in RSTP that are not in STP?

A

Alternate

Backup

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34
Q

What is the function of the Alternate port role in RSTP?

A

Provides a way for RSTP to quickly replace a switch’s root port

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35
Q

What is the function of the Backup port role in RSTP?

A

Provides a way for RSTP to quickly replace a switch’s designated port on a LAN

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36
Q

What does RSTP call the blocking state?

A

Discarding

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37
Q

What STP port states does RSTPs Discarding state replace?

A

Bocking
Disabled
Listening

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38
Q

What is the forward delay timer value for STP?

A

15 seconds

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39
Q

What is the reason for the forward delay time in STP?

A

At the same time all switches have been all told to time out their MAC table entries. When topology changes the existing MAC table entries may cause a loop.

Switches tell each other (BPDU) that topology has changed and to time out entries, but causes need to wait in listening and learning states (15secs each)

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40
Q

What does the Learning STP/RSTP state do?

A

Learns MACs but does not forward traffic

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41
Q

When can RSTP bypass the Learning state?

A

When it knows the transition wont create a loop because its using an Alternate port to replace the root port

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42
Q

What is the criteria to be an alternate port?

A

Both the Root port and the alternate port must receive Hellos that identify the same root switch

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43
Q

What is the criteria to be an alternate port?

A

Both the Root port and the alternate port must receive Hellos that identify the same root switch

44
Q

What is the default STP priority?

45
Q

What values does RSTP use for Hello and Max Age timers?

A

2 seconds

3 x Hello for Max Age

46
Q

What is STP root guard?

A

Prevent a new switch from being elected root by configuring Root guard on a switch port that you are connecting to a new unconfigured switch

47
Q

How do you enable STP root guard feature on a given port?

A

spanning-tree guard root

48
Q

What is BPDU guard used for?

A

Prevent loops on a port that could erroneously receive BPDUs (typically edge ports that have port fast enabled)

49
Q

What are the three Port Security violation modes?

A

Protect
Restrict
Shutdown

50
Q

Why should you avoid putting TCP and UDP traffic in the same class for QoS?

A

It can cause TCP starvation.
UDP traffic is not aware of packet loss due to congestion control mechanisms, so devices sending UDP traffic might not reduce their traffic rates, dominating the queue and starving TCP traffic

51
Q

What is the Global TCP Synchronization problem and what can cause it?

A

Tail drop can cause it.

Global TCP Synchronization is when all TCP sources in a network reduce traffic flow during periods of congestion and then increase it after, triggering congestion again

52
Q

What is WRED and what key problem does it address?

A

Congestion avoidance mechanism that addresses Tail Drop.

It allows you to configure different Tail drop thresholds for each IP precedence or DSCP value so that lower priority traffic is more likely to be dropped

53
Q

True / False: In a cloud based network, APs are all autonomous

A

True.

But they are managed and controlled centrally from the cloud

54
Q

What are packets protected with when encryption is enabled for an AP connected to a WLC via CAPWAP?

A

Datagram TLS (DTLS)

55
Q

Is trunk link needed for the VLANs supported by an AP connected via CAPWAP tunnel?

A

No.

All VLANs its supports are encapsulated and tunneled as L3 IP packets, rather than individual L2 VLANs

56
Q

What three general types of 802.11 frames are there?

A

Control
Data
Management

57
Q

What is the 2 byte FC field for in the 802.11 header?

A

Frame Control field

Used to identify the type and sub-type of each frame

58
Q

What is CCMP?

A

Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol

59
Q

What does WPA2 use for MICs and Encryption?

A

AES and CCMP

60
Q

What does WPA use for MICs and Encryption?

A

RC4 and TKIP

61
Q

What is TKIP?

A

Temporal Key Integrity Protocol

62
Q

What is the IEEE standard for Ethernet?

63
Q

What is GCMP?

A

Galois/Counter Mode Protocol

Used along with AES to provide MICs and encryption

64
Q

What IEEE standard number covers WLANs?

65
Q

How would you configure a voice and data VLAN on ports connected to phones?

A

switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 10
switchport voice vlan 11

66
Q

How would you set allowed VLANs on a trunk?

A

switchport trunk allowed vlan 1-60

67
Q

What hex do unique local unicast addresses always being with?

A

FC or FD

First 7 bits always 1111110

68
Q

What is the overarching IPv6 prefix for Multicast communication?

69
Q

What is L3 security VPN Pass-Through?

A

Enables L3 security for WLANs by allowing a client to establish a connection with a specific VPN server

70
Q

What is L3 security Web Authentication?

A

Enables L3 security for Guest LANs, prompting for username and password when client connects

71
Q

What is L3 security Web Passthrough?

A

Enables direct access to the network for Guest LANs without prompting for a username and password

72
Q

What is UplinkFast?

A

Increases convergence speed for an access layer switch that detects a failure on the root port with backup root port selection

73
Q

What IEEE standard covers MST?

74
Q

What do you enable DAI?

A

ip arp inspection vlan

75
Q

What is BackboneFast?

A

Increases convergence speed for switches that detect a failure on links that are not directly connected to the switch

76
Q

What type of interface is the OSPF Non-broadcast network type enabled by default on?

A

X.25

Frame Relay

77
Q

What are some key differences PPP and HDLC?

A

HDLC is bit oriented but PPP is byte oriented
HDLC is proprietary
PPP provides auth

78
Q

What is FDDI?

A

Fiber Distributed Data Interface

A LAN protocol that utilizes token passing media access method on a dual ring topology

Uses Fiber optic cables

Designed to run data across the network backbones of larger companies

79
Q

What type of interfaces would enable the OSPF Point to Point network type by default?

80
Q

What type of interfaces would enable the OSPF Broadcast network type by default?

A

Ethernet

FDDI

81
Q

What are VLANs 1002 - 1005 reserved for?

A

Token Ring and FDDI VLANs

82
Q

How do you stop a port sending DTP messages?

A

switchport nonegotiate

83
Q

What measures could you take to prevent VLAN hopping?

A

Disabling DTP on a port
Changing the native VLAN
Configuring user-facing ports as access ports

84
Q

How would you finish configuring PAT using an ACL to select networks to be translated?

A

access-list 1 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

ip nat inside source list 1 interface FastEthernet0/0 overload

85
Q

What Cisco AP mode offers a failsafe if the CAPWAP goes down?

A

FlexConnect mode

86
Q

What is another name for a Hypervisor?

A

VMM (Virtual Machine Monitor)

87
Q

What is a Distribution System and what is it used for?

A

It is the wired network used to connect APs together.

In a split MAC architecture the point where APs touch DS is moved upstream to the WLC instead

88
Q

Why do Distribution System ports always operate in 802.1Q trunk mode?

A

Because the DS ports must carry data that is associated with many different VLANs

89
Q

What is a LAG?

A

Link Aggregation Group bundle of Ethernet links

90
Q

How do you encrypt older IOS passwords?

A

service password-encryption

91
Q

What are the possible encryption level values you can pass into enable secret command?

A

0 for plain text
4 for SHA-256
5 for MD5

92
Q

How many username commands are allowed for a given username?

A

Only one.

You cannot specify a password and a secret for a local login username

93
Q

What are the range of HSRP group numbers?

A

0 - 255

Default is 0

94
Q

What does a site-to-site VPN typically use to route and secure traffic?

A

GRE with IPSec

95
Q

What is a fully specified static route?

A

Static route that defines all of

  • Destination network
  • Outbound interface
  • Next hop IP
96
Q

What is a recrusive static route?

A

A static route that specifies only

  • Destination IP
  • Next hop IP
97
Q

What range of Ethernet MACs are reserved for IP multicast?

A

01-00-5E-00-00-00 - 01-00-5E-7F-FF-FF

98
Q

Does show cdp neighbors show the IP address of the neighbor?

99
Q

What info is display from show cdp neighbors?

A 
Device ID of neighbor
Capabilities
Product number
Holdtime
Local interface
Remote interface
100
Q

What is the Ethernet Type (EtherType) field for?

A

Identifies the type of network / L3 packet that sits inside the Ethernet frame

101
Q

How do you configure port fast on a port or as default for all?

A

Interface:
spanning-tree portfast

Globally:
spanning-tree portfast default

Globally with BPDU Guard:
spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default

102
Q

How do you enable BPDU Guard on an interface?

A

spanning-tree bpdu guard enable

103
Q

What MIC and Encryption is used for WPA3?

A

GCMP with AES

104
Q

Which OSPF network types have a default Hello timer of 10 seconds and default dead timer of 40 seconds?

A

Broadcast and Point to Point

105
Q

Which OSPF network types allow Multicast updates?

A

Broadcast
Point to Point
Point to Multipoint

106
Q

Which OSPF network types perform DR/BDR elections?

A

Broadcast

Non-broadcast

107
Q

What protocol and port does Puppet accept inbound requests from agents on?

A

HTTPS TCP 8140

CCNA (21 decks)

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