Misc Body Sites (Wounds, Abscesses, Tissues and Bones) Flashcards

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1
Q
Traumatic injury
Decubitus ulcers
Animal or human bites
Burns
Foreign bodies in the skin or mucous membranes
A

Exogenous

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2
Q

Caused by normal flora:

  • Mouth flora causing dental infections
  • Intestinal flora causing appendicitis
  • Upper respiratory flora causing sinusitis
A

Endogenous

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3
Q

What are the sample types for wounds and abscesses?

A

Aspirate in syringe, sterile swab, and hardware/foreign body

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4
Q

What is the goal when collecting specimens from wounds and abscesses?

A

Optimum recovery of pathogens present without introducing contaminated flora

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5
Q

T or F. Swabs are optimal specimen types.

A

False, tissues and aspirates are preferred

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6
Q

Types of anaerobic culture collection systems

A
  • Port-a-cul (Aer and Ana)

- BBL anaerobic collection tube

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7
Q

Types of collection for aerobic swabs/general purpose swab systems

A

E swab, and BBL culturette

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8
Q

What method is used for culturing foreign bodies and hardware?

A

Sonication (in approx. 1 mL of saline)

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9
Q

When do we use PEA plates for culturing wounds and abscesses?

A

On extremities and sources below the diaphragm

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10
Q

Common skins contaminants found in wound culture (6)

A

Diptheroids, Coag negative staph, alpha hemolytic strep, nonhemolytic strep (not Group D), Propionibacterium sp., Bacillus sp.

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11
Q

What is the general rule when evaluating a direct gram stain with culture growth for a wound culture?

A

Many PMNs and no/rare/few SECs = good quality specimen

Many SECs and no/few PMNS = not consistent with infection

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12
Q

What rule do we follow when working up potential pathogens from a wound culture?

A

Rule of 3

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13
Q

What is the rule for doing susceptibility testing on potential pathogens from a wound culture?

A

Perform ID with SS testing on up to 3 PPs: including S. aureus, Enterococcus, Enterobacterales, Ps. aeruginosa, other nonfermenters, (excludes Coag negative staph)

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14
Q

How long are wound cultures held before confirming as negative?

A

72 hours

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15
Q

What are the exceptions to the 72 hour holding rule and how do we deal with those organisms?

A

Shrink seal plates to ensure the media doesn’t dry out.

Actinomyces, Nocardia, Francisella, Bartonella, Brucella, and Propionibacterium

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16
Q

How long do we hold Actinomyces for?

A

5 days

17
Q

How long do we hold Nocardia for?

A

5 days

18
Q

How long do we hold Francisella for?

A

5 days

19
Q

How long do we hold Bartonella for?

A

14 days

20
Q

How long do we hold Brucella for?

A

28 days

21
Q

How long do we hold Propionibacterium for?

A

14 days

22
Q

Human bite and animal bite infections caused by _____ and _____, respectively can ultimately lead to underlying bone infection.

A

Eikenalla corrodens, and Pasteurella multocida

23
Q

T or F? Bones and tissues are considered sterile.

A

True

24
Q

Pathogens enter tissue thru breaks in the skin or normally intact mucous membranes.

A

Tissue infection

25
Q

Develop osteomyelitis from hematogeneous spread of infectious agent, invasion of bone tissue from an adjacent site of infection (i.e., joint, dental), or breakdown of tissue caused by trauma/surgery.

A

Bone infection

26
Q

T or F? Formalin is suitable for tissue and bone cultures.

A

False

27
Q

What do we do with a tissue or bone sample from the ER?

A

Process it ASAP and keep moist if there is a delay

28
Q

T or F? Bones are sonicated for culture.

A

True

29
Q

What is different about preparing tissue and bones for fungal culture?

A

Its preferable to mince specimen instead of grind

30
Q

How long do we hold tissue/ bone culture plates, how long do we hold the thio broth cultures?

A

3 days, 5 days

31
Q

When do we check thio broth for culture growth?

A

48 hours

32
Q

Which organisms found in tissue/bone culture do we always perform full ID and MICs for?

A

S. aureus and CNS

33
Q

Which organisms found in tissue/bone culture do we always perform a Pen Etest for?

A

Viridans strep and Strep anginosus

34
Q

Which organism found in tissue/bone culture do we always perform and Etest for?

A

Yeast