Misc Flashcards
Незваный гость
Interloper
Troublesome and annoying
Plaguy (en)
Inauspicious
Not conducive to success; unpromising •unlucky
Blasé
Indifferent to
Smugness
excessive pride in oneself or one’s achievements.
in a way that shows a casual and cheerful indifference considered to be callous or improper
Blithely
Inventiveness
Ingenuity
Թբիլիսի՝ վաճառական ◆ Ժամանակով մի շատ մեծ սովդաքյար կար։ (Երվանդ Լալայան) ◆ - Այ տերտեր, ասում եմ, հայ-քրիստոնեի տանը 100 մանեթն ի՞նչ բան ունի, ես սովդաքյա՞ր եմ, վաճառակա՞ն եմ։ (Պերճ Պռոշյան)
Մուշ, Բաղեշ՝ սիրահար
սովդաքյար
թառակի, [գոյական]
- (ժողովրդական) Այգիների թաղ, որ ուրիշ թաղերից բաժանված Է փողոցով՝ ճանապարհով:
- Բնակավայրի թաղ՝ թաղամաս:
թառակ
a person who behaves in a wild or reckless manner.
Tearaway
Smooth and without seams or obvious joints
Seamlessness
The continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet or stanza
Enjambment
Unconscious, completely lacking sense or reason. lacking physical sensation.
Insensate
Prayer, recital
Litany
the state of being mental or spiritual rather than physical.
innerness
Sharply delineated
severe or bare in appearance or outline.
complete; sheer.
Stark
To cause
To beget
He that hath all can have no more
John Donne
To court
To woo
The quality or fact of being very determined
Tenacity
Out of the woods
Out of difficulties, danger or trouble
Fluke
an unlikely chance occurrence, especially a surprising piece of luck
an action or remark that causes outrage or offence.
affront
to cause (someone) to stop and think about something carefully or to have doubts about something I was going to ask her for help, but the look on her face gave me pause.
To give a pause
a person without professional or specialized knowledge in a particular subject.
layperson
Primus Latin
Prime, first rank
Scourge
cause great suffering to.
Copulation
sexual intercourse
Fastidiousness
Fastidiousness is a quality of caring a lot about how accurate or tidy things are.
the practice of claiming to have higher standards or more noble beliefs than is the case.
Hypocrisy
Paragon
a person or thing regarded as a perfect example of a particular quality.
tempt (a person or animal) to do something or to go somewhere, especially by offering some form of reward.
To lure
Deposition
A deposition is a witness’s sworn out-of-court testimony
Triumvirate
A triumvirate (Latin: triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political regime ruled or dominated by three powerful individuals known as triumvirs (Latin: triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three are notionally equal, this is rarely the case in reality.
Adhesion
allegiance to a particular person, party, or set of ideas.
To exonerate
of an official body) absolve (someone) from blame for a fault or wrongdoing.
release someone from (a duty or obligation).
Fifth column
A fifth column is any group of people who undermine a larger group from within, usually in favor of an enemy group or nation.
Objection to oath
Conscientious scruples
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism refers to various theories that emerged in Western Europe and North America in the 1870s that applied biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology, economics, and politics.
Paramilitary
A paramilitary organization is a semi-militarized force whose organizational structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but is not formally part of a country’s armed forces.
accept (behaviour that is considered morally wrong or offensive).
To condone
Nemesis
the inescapable agent of someone’s or something’s downfall.
a long-standing rival; an arch-enemy.
the jury is out
a decision has not yet been reached on a controversial subjec
Dendritic
Having a branched form resembling a tree
Widerlager
Counterfort
Cylinder
Glan
to come to a point beyond which there is no further progress
To hit a wall
Perspicacity
the quality of having a ready insight into things; shrewdness.
Perspicacious
Untimely
intempestive
Surface
La superficie
points cardinaux
le nord, le sud, l’est, l’ouest
Mountain range
Le massif montagneux
Privileged
privilégié
Thanks to
Grâce à
Hill
La Colline
Bold and without shame
Brazen
(Of a man) readily or frequently enter into casual sexual relationships with women
philander
A person or thing viewed as the model of excellence
Paragon
Relating to birds
Avian, eg avian world
Furtive
Attempting to avoid notice or attention
Wise or attempting to appear wise
sapient
A lover esp the illicit partner of a married person
Paramour
Polygyny
Poly (many) gyny (female the same root as vagina)
Polyandry
Poly andry ( androgen)
EPC
Extra-pair copulation
Avidity
Interest or enthusiasm,
Sexual acidity
A person’s female lover
inamorata
A casual romantic or sexual relationship
dalliance
Filled with bitter criticism or malice
vitriolic
Extremely hot or intense
searing
Causing one to feel drained off
enervating
Statute Charter - German
Satzung
Mud German
Schlamm
Self-sufficient German
autark
Self-sufficiency
Autarkie
Operating expenses short
opex
Capital expenditure
capex
The place where an object is found
find-spot
Supervisory power German
Kontrolbefugnis
irritability, excitability, sensitivity
One of the signs of life
German
Reizbarkeit
Truly wonderful, someone acts in a truly noble way
Sublimity
Uplifted, high or exalted - Latin
sublimis
Tissue Greek
histos histology
Lehre Wissenschaft Greek
logos
Divisible Greek
meristos Meristem
the top or highest part of smth 2) climax highest achievement
Latin root
Apex - apical from apicem
Bundle Latin
fascis => fascicle, fascicular
Womb Latin
Mater=> matrix
Network Latin
reticulum
Green Greek
chloro
Color Greek
chromo
Time Greek
chrono
Old man + root Greek
geronto
Causation, cause Greek
etio
White Greek
leuk => Latinized leuco
Starch Greek
amilum => amiloplast
Oil, oiliness Greek
Elaeo
To be turned inside out or folded back on itself to form a cavity or couch
To invaginate - einstülpen
Thread Greek
mit mito => Mitose
Fat Greek
lipo
chosen or designated by oneself
self-anointed
by resolute fearlessness, fortitude, and endurance
intrepid
Snappy
cleverly concise; neat
happening as a result of an external factor or chance rather than design or inherent nature.
Coming from outside
Adventitious
Tanne
Fir, pine, soji
Perfidious
Deceitful and untrustworthy
Irascible
Having or showing a tendency to be easily angered
Northern bald ibis
Bird Al Badia
clever or cunning devices or expedients, especially as used to trick or deceive others.
Artifice
a rowdy or mischievous person, especially a child.
hellion
Perfidious
Deceitful and untrustworthy
Irascible
Having or showing a tendency to be easily angered
Northern bald ibis
Bird Al Badia
Illegal hunting
Poaching
Spookily
Latin apis bee , scientific study of honey bees
slevte
Slender and elegant
Syntropy
The sentence towards energy concentration, order, organization and life
Influence each other in a positive way
brisk and cheerful readiness.
Alacrity
Frenzied eg frenzied pace
Wildly excited or uncontrolled
Bequest
A legacy
Backwardness
the state of having made less progress than is normal or expected.
wary
feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems.
musing
a period of reflection or thought.
relating to or situated on the shore of the sea or a lake
A region lying along a shore
littoral
fail to fulfil or justify (a claim or expectation).
To belie
to read or study (something) very carefully
To pore over
To barrage
bombard (someone) with questions, criticisms, complaints, etc.
Salient
Most noticeable or important 2) of an angle pointing outwards
Attenuated
Having been reduced in force, effect, or value
Of new Latin
de novo
expose the falseness or hollowness of (an idea or belief).
To debunk
100 years old or older person
Centenarian
Filled to overflowing
chock-full
How many plant and animal species
How many microbial species
10 Million
1 trillion
shard
A piece of broken ceramic metal glass or rock typically having sharp edges
To gain traction
An Zugkraft gewinnen
Enabling someone to discover or learn smth for themselves
heuristic
Bona fide
Latin with good faith
Real genuine
Acerbic
Sharp and forthright
Excessively fond of drinking
Bibulous
umpteen
Indefinitely many
To minimize or omit something in an account in order to obscure, conceal, or diminish the importance of it.
To gloss over
having an extreme or irrational fear of entering open or crowded places, of leaving one’s own home, or of being in places from which escape is difficult.
agoraphobic
an important or exceptionally able person.
Hotshot 🔥💉
an informal expression of encouragement or admiration to a man or boy.
Attaboy!
used to express surprise or alarm.
Jeepers
Pöckeln
Pickling
Ermessen
Discretion, gauge, estimate
Einwand erheben
Tontaube an objektiven
hingerichtet
Executed, put to death
Zuchthaus
Prison, penitentiary
From soup to nuts
From beginning to end
very unwilling to spend money or use resources.
parsimonious
a pirate or lawless adventurer.
Freebooter
noticeable or prominent in an unwelcome or intrusive way.
obtrusive
Néant
Nil, nought
Mg
Constituent de chlorophyll, s’accumule particulièrement dans la pulpe 50-150mg/l vin
Cils et agrafes de palissage
Clip
Agrafe
Clip
Phosphate
L’excès de phosphate favorisent le casse ferrique
oinos logos
Vin discours
an ancient Celtic fortified town, especially one under Roman rule.
oppidum, pl oppida
1a : an act of pouring a liquid as a sacrifice (as to a deity)
They offered a libation at the temple.
b : a liquid (such as wine) used in a libation
2a : an act or instance of drinking often ceremoniously
a libation to celebrate their anniversary
b : BEVERAGE
especially : a drink containing alcohol
His favorite libation is scotch on the rocks.
Libation
entreposer
To store to stock
Wineskin
Outre à vin
Bucket
Le seau
Douelle, merrain
Stave
Plughole, banghole
Une bonde
aubier
white sapwood, sans aubier (for barrels)
L’ouillage
Topping off
La forêt française
16 mio ha (4th in Europe after Sweden, Finland, Spain), 3/4 private. 35% oak out of 16 mio ha
is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons.
tundra
is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.[
Steppe
Chênaie
Oak wood
Quercus suber
Thermochimies, héliophile, xérophile
Caduque
Arbres à feuilles caduques qui tombent en hiver (opposé à persistant).
Quercus pédonculé et sessile sont caduque
Q. robur / p.
Préfère les milieux frais et humide
Q. petrara / sessile
Préfères les sols secs
guêpe
Wasp
regurgitate
bring (swallowed food) up again to the mouth. "gulls regurgitate food for the chicks" Similar: vomit bring up disgorge regorge 2. repeat (information) without analysing or comprehending it.
L’essaim
Swarm
100 millions de levures par kilogramme de vendange
Levure
Ensemencement
Sowing, seeding
As well for yeasts …
Toutefois
Nevertheless, however
En dépit de
In spite of
10-20g/hl LSA
5 milliards de levures par litre de moût
La piqûre acétique
= acescence
Acétobacter et gluconobacter transforment le sucre et l’alcool en acide acétique
Redoutable
Formidable, fearsome
Chaptalisation
1.7 kg/hl => 1% alc
a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
Debacle
Septentrional
of the north”, is a Latinate adjective
Septentrionaux
Accroître
To jncrease
Mouillage
Jesus units
L’inconvenient
Disadvantage
Néanmois
However
Cleaves rouges %
France 70%
55-60 % au niveau mondial
Disposer d’un levier
To dispose a lever
L’écoulage
Drain off, run off
effondrer
To collapse
destemming - crushing
Éraflage-foulage
Autovidante
Self-emptying
% des polyphenols initiaux sont extraits?
30-60%, 50%
MPC
Macération préfermentaire chaud
Là flash détente
Sous l’effet du vide poussé la vendange chaude voit sa température s’abaisser de 50C en une fraction de seconde
Inter alia
Among other things
wary and unwilling to take risks.
circumspect
(used when comparing two or more cases or situations) making necessary alterations while not affecting the main point at issue.
mutatis mutandis
une exigence
requirement
la répartition
distribution
la pointe
Point, tip
là gélivure
Winter injury
briser
To shatter to break to smash
Houppier
Canopy (tree?)
France climat
Se situe entre le 43 et le 51 * de latitude nord, le 45 passe par Bordeaux et par Valence. Le pays est traversé par l’isotherme 12C, 800mm .
551.000km2, 1000km du nord au sud et a peu près l’équivalent de l’est à l’ouest
Presqu’île
peninsula
Espace ouvert aux influences océaniques
Il n’y a en dehors du Massif central, pas d’obstacle aux vents d’Ouest.
The verb allay is used when you want to make something better or eliminate fears and concerns.
To allay
Le littoral
Coastline
La débourrement
Budding?
sous abri
Under shelter
Estival
“Estival” traces back to “aestas,” which is the Latin word for “summer” (and which also gave us “estivate,” a verb for spending the summer in a torpid state - a sort of hot-weather equivalent of hibernation).
(of an insect, fish, or amphibian) spend a hot or dry period in a prolonged state of torpor or dormancy.
Estivate, aestivate
Canicule
Dog-days, heat wave
sciaphile
Sciaphile - shade loving shade plant shade tolerant
Attenuation
the process of making something less or weaker:
Cold sedimentation
Débourbage au froid
Les procédés
the production processes
Inertage poussé
Inertage poussé
First wine in neolithique
Le rosé de simple foulage est probablement le premier vin élaboré au neolithique à partir de raisins noirs sauvages.
Direct pressing
Le pressurage direct
Overripe Grapes
De raisins surmûris
nuisible
harmful
défrichement
Land clearing
La pâture
Pasture
La garrigue
scrubland
Relentir
Slow down
Oak forests
La hausse des températures provoque une augmentation de l’evapotranspiration 40mm/an. La multiplication des saisons sèches ralentit la croissance des arbres, provoque une diminution de leur cime (crown) et multiplie les petites branches, ce qui réduit leurs qualités pour la tonnellerie.
Échalas
Stakes For support
Why did they privilege oak?
The wood doesn’t rot
Iconoclasm is the social belief in the importance of the destruction of icons and other images or monuments, most frequently for religious or political reasons.
Iconoclasm
Law of unintended consequences
loi des conséquences imprévues
Photosynthesis
Optimal 25-30C
45C
Above 50C leaves may die because the proteins in the leaves lose their structure faster than they can be repaired
How many H2O molecules are lost for one CO2 molecule?
Mature leaf ca 200-600
Quercus robur
=quercus pedunculata
15% de la forêt française
20-35m, commun dans toute la F. sauf Méditerranée et Corse, hygrophile, héliophile. Il s’implante surtout dans les plaines, les collines et jusqu’à la base de l’étage montagnard. Deux tiers de la chaînais. Ils. Besoin de 8C (végétation 13C). Sa souricière est menacé si la température tombe à 5C.
Quercus petracea, Quercus sessiliflora
Dit aussi chêne du Tronçais ou chêne du centre, 12% de la forêt française, ces glands sont sessiles (qui n’ont pas de pétiole ) , les feuilles reste attachée en l’hiver. 20-40m. Rejette aussi la souche. Absent dans le sud ouest et méditerranéenne. Il résiste mieux à la sécheresse estivale. Une espèce de demi-ombre. Il aime les sols filtrant, épais (trick, heavy), légèrement acides. Grain plus fin, les tannons se libèrent moins vite dans le vin, plus riche en Eugénie et methyl-octalactone. Plus recherché pour les vins fin.
Quercus alba
Les rhumes sont plus épaisses ce qui permet d’obtenir des fûts étanches même en sciant les billons
To sneeze
Éternuer
soixantaine
About si tu
Balonge
Basket for carrying harvest
Benne
Harvest bin
le coût de production
Cost of production
Sawing splitting
Sciage fendage
De la grume au merrain, pus des planches à la douelle, il y a une perte de l’ordre de 80%
Waste in oak production
5m3 grume
1m3 douelles - 10-12 fûts
Débittage
Cutting sawing
Se cintrer
To bend
Se cintrer
To bend
Requirement
Exigence
Liable to decay
Putrescible
Teuffeau
Limestone in Loire
Bauernschlau
cunnigly
Étroite
Narrow
un brasero
Une chaufferette - (tonnellerie)
La durée de chauffe - cintrage au feu
Environ 30 minutes
Cintrage à vapeur ou encore l’immersion des rouelles dans l’eau chaude de 90C à 120C
Avant le cintrage pendant 20 minutes afin de les assouplir et de les débarrasser aussi dans les deux cas des composés à caractères amers des tannins âpres, astringents. Cela permet accentuer le fruité par rapport au boisé des vins. Après l’immersion le fût est cintrée puis passé à la flamme
Chauffe tonnellerie industrielle
Émissions d’onde à infrarouge ou par des résistances électriques
Chauffe au gaz
Employé surtout pour les barriques destinés à conteneur les alcools
À court terme
Short term
Rayonnement un
Influence radiance
Un effondrement
Collâmes, break-down
Antilles
French West Indies in the Carribean
Abattu
Felled (tree)
Tarière
Auger, drill
Le flottage
Log driving (wood), floating
La fonte
Smelting, thawing
Puiser
Scoop out
the writing of the lives of saints.
a biography that treats its subject with undue reverence.
Hagiography
a weakness, especially in a person’s character; a shortcoming.
Failing
a secret political clique or faction.
A secret intrigue
Cabal
make a soft sucking sound such as that made by treading heavily through mud.
Squelch
a situation in which further action or progress by opposing or competing parties seems impossible. Draw
Stalemate
an open rebellion against the proper auth
Mutiny
Fournisseur
Contractor, supplier
Entonnage
Barreling
La floraison la nouaison
Flowering, fruit set
Maîtriser la maturité
Control the maturity
La gelée
Frost
