Misc Flashcards
what does each colour of synovial fluid indicate:
clear straw coloured
turbid
uniformly blood stained
Non-uniformly blood-stained
clear straw coloured = normal
turbid consistency + decreased viscocity = inflammation
Uniformly blood-stained = bleeding disorders, inflammation or trauma
Non-uniformly blood-stained = traumatic aspiration
what rheumatological blood tests are raised in SLE
anti-double stranded DNA
Anti smooth muscle
ANA (almost 100%)
cardiolipin, anti-ro and la may be raised also
what rheumatological blood tests are raised in sjogrens
Anti-ro, Anti-la
in myositis what does a positive anti-ja test indicate
pulmonary fibrosis
what does a positive anti-topiramase test indicate in scleroderma
pulmonary/cardiac involvement
what antibody is raised in antiphospholipid syndrome
cardiolipin
what does a positive ANCA test indicate
raised in some vasculitis
what rheumatological blood tests are raised in rheumatoid arthritis
anti-CCP mostly, RF in 70%
what kind of dislocation is most common for the shoulder
90% are anterior
what nerve is commonly injured in shoulder dislocations
axillary
what region is innervated by the axillary nerve
top of shoulder, ‘regimental badge’region
what is charcots arthropathy
rapidly progressing destruction process occuring in joints with autonomic/sensory neuropathy
what is the cause of charcots arthropathy
Diabetes
Tabes dorsales (syphilitic myelopathy)
Alcoholic neuropathy
Cauda equina lesions
Leprosy
how do you manage charcots arthropathy
Well fitting cast to prevent weight bearing in early stages
Progressing to surgical management of severe deformities
what radiological sign indicates a posterior shoulder dislocation
lightbulb sign, where shoulder is laterally angulated and displaced appearing almost vertical
