Misc.

Question 1

What is Paget’s disease (of bone)?

Answer 1

Condition where the normal cycle of bone renewal is disrupted, causing bones to become weakened and possibly deformed. Symptoms include constant, dull bone pain, joint pain and numbness and tingling.

Question 2

What are the 3 types of ulceration?

Answer 2

Arterial - due to peripheral arterial disease, tend to see distal gangrene due to infarction
Venous - occur due to improper functioning of venous valves
Neuropathic - wounds develop due to decreased sensation

Question 3

What is graft versus host disease?

Answer 3

Complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (may also occur following organ transplantation but less common), occurs when T cells in the donor tissue mount an immune response towards host cells, can be acute or chronic, is not the same as transplant rejection.

Question 4

Why is it important to check renal function before doing a constrast CT?

Answer 4

There is a risk of contrast-associated AKI. Patients with poor renal function should not undergo contrast scans to avoid this risk.

Question 5

Is the pH of central venous blood the same as arterial blood?

Answer 5

No, the pH of venous blood is on average 0.03 pH units lower

Question 6

What is the qSOFA score?

Answer 6

Used to predict the risk of poor outcome in patients with suspected infection, patients with high risk should be more thoroughly assessed for evidence of organ dysfunction.

Question 7

What is Kartagener’s syndrome?

Answer 7

Rare autosomal recessive genetic ciliary disorder - has a triad of situs invertus, chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis. Problems are caused by defective movement of cilia leading to recurrent chest infections, ENT symptoms and infertility.

Question 8

What is the Child-Pugh scoring system used for?

Answer 8

Grading of liver cirrhosis.

Predicts risk of bleeding, mortality and need for treatment.