Clinical Conditions Flashcards
What is SIADH?
Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone, this is when there is an inability to suppress ADH secretion and ADH is inappropriately released in excess if water intake exceeds urine output, water retention occurs and a dilution also hyponatraemia can occur.
What is diabetes insipidus?
A condition where there is large volumes of urine (>3L/day) due to impaired water resorption by the kidney, this is either due to reduced ADH secretion or impaired response of the kidney to ADH
What is sarcoidosis?
A multi system inflammatory condition of unknown cause, commonly involves the respiratory system but can affect nearly all organs.
What would you see on a CXR with sarcoidosis?
Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
If a newborn has a continuous ‘machine-like murmur’ then what congenital heart defect are they likely to have?
Patent ductus arteriosus.
What is Kleinfelter Syndrome?
Condition where a male is born with an extra X chromosome so he is XXY. He is still genetically male and often people do not realise they have it, but occasionally it can cause health problems including low fertility, abnormal growth patterns and muscle mass and low sex drive.
