Misc. Flashcards
Minimum data set
Specific categories of information will use uniform definitions to create common language among multiple healthcare workers and data users
OASIS
Outcome and assessment information set.
Assessment instrument- measures patient outcomes for the purpose of improving the quality of care that is provided
Variance charting
The unexpected event, the cause of the event, actions taken in response to the event and discharge planning
Affective learning
Changes in attitudes, values and feelings
Andragogy
The teaching of adults
Difference between formal and informal teaching
Formal: planned teaching based on learner objectives.
Informal: unplanned teaching sessions dealing with patients immediate learning needs and concerns
Pedagogy
Science of teaching that generally refers to the teaching of children and adolescents
What to do in the orientation phase,
when you first enter patient’s room
Get to know patient, develop trust, assess health status, analyze patient messages/ behaviors, establish goals and priorities
SOLER
Sit facing the patient open posture lean toward the patient establish and maintain intermittent eye contact Relax
Stages of behavioral change
pre-Contemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance termination
List five stages of illness
1-Symptoms 2-sick role- (interferes in life) 3- medical care contact 4-dependent client role 5-recovery or rehabilitation
Sometimes people only go through 1st 2 then recover.
Bioterrorism related agents: botulism
Not possible to be transmitted person to person,
use standard precautions
Bioterrorism related agents:
Plague
bubonic: Not possible to be transmitted person to person, use standard precautions
pneumonic plague: possible to be transmitted person to person, use droplets precautions
Bioterrorism related to agents: smallpox
Possible to be transmitted person to person, use airborne and contact precautions
List the difference between different classes of fires A,B,C,D
Class A: paper, cloth, rubber, plastic, wood, trash, furniture
Class B: Flammable and combustible liquids such as gas, or oil’s, paint, solvents, cooking fires (do not use water to extinguish)
Class C fires electrical fires such as fuse boxes, wiring and appliances
Class D fires: Burning metals
Active dressings
Dressings that create a moist environment
Antibody mediated response
Another name for humoral or circulating immunity. Resides in B lymphocytes. The cells produce proteins called antibodies the defend the body against specific pathogens
Cell Mediated defense
Another name for cellular immunity, which resides in T cells. These cells attack and kill invading organisms
Chain of infection: list the steps and explain each briefly
1- infectious agent- Could be bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasite
2- reservoir- place where agents thrive- Could be a human or animal or an inanimate object
3-portal of exit- nose or mouth
4- Mode of transmission- unwashed hands
5- portal of entry- Orifices, mucous membranes, brakes and skin
6- susceptible host- Lacks immunity or physical resistance such as open cuts or wounds
Dehiscence
Partial or complete rupture of a sutured wound
Evisceration
Protrusion of abdominal organs through a dehisced wound
Hydrocolloids
Acid-based dressings that tend to discourage growth of bacteria
Shearing force
A force resulting from a combination of friction and pressure
Rhonchi
Rumbling sound. More pronounced during expiration then during inspiration
How can you tell a chest drainage system is working properly
Fluid oscillating in the tubing
Trousseau’s sign
Occlude the brachial or radial artery. Hand and finger spasms that occurred during occlusion indicate Trousseau’s sign and suggest hypocalcemia
Appropriate needle gauge for a blood transfusion
16-20G
What is intractable pain
Pain that incapacitates the patient and can’t be relieved by drugs
What is the first nursing action for a patient who can’t void
Palpate the bladder to assess for bladder distention
How to use a cane
Carry It on unaffected side and advance it as the same time as the affected extremity
How do you fit in a supine patient for crutches?
Measure from axilla to the sole and add 2 inches to that measurement.
Should be wearing shoes
Appropriate needle size for insulin injection
25 gauge and 5/8 inches long
Normal amount of residual urine
50 to 100 ML
Diagnosis phase:
Nurse makes clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes.
Planning stage of the nursing process
Nurse :
assigns priorities to nursing diagnoses,
defines short term and long term goals
defines expected outcomes
establishes the nursing care plan
Implementation stage of the nursing process
Nurse puts care plan into action,
delegates specific nursing interventions,
charts patient responses to nursing interventions
Dorsal recumbent position
Patient lies on back with lower extremities moderately flexed and rotated outward.
Used for catheterizing a female.
When using stirrups and scooted all the way to end of table would be lithotomy position.
2 safety guidelines to follow when changing trach ties.
Nurse should leave old ties in place until the new ones are applied.
Always have assistance when changing ties.
What is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid?
Potassium
Why wouldn’t you take a rectal temperature on someone who has a cardiac disorder?
Could stimulate a vagal Response and lead to Vasodilation and decreased cardiac output
How do you record and describe pulse amplitude and rhythm?
+3 Bounding pulse (Readily palpable and forceful)
+2 Normal pulse (easily palpable)
+1 thready or weak pulse (difficult to detect)
0 absent
Something to remember about taking liquid iron by mouth:
Or about IM iron dextran (Imferon)?
Can stain teeth so should be taken through a straw.
Imferon should be given z track.
List the levels of consciousness
In descending order: alertness, lethargy, stupor, light coma, deep coma
Medical word for dropping eyelid
Ptosis
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Physiologic, safety and security, love and belonging, self-esteem and recognition, self actualization
Type O blood
Universal donors
Type AB blood
Universal recipients
What is prothrombin and where is it produced?
A clotting factor
produced in the liver
Medical term for normal respiration
Eupnea
What makes the S1 sound of the heartbeat?
Closing of mitral and tricuspid valves
What is double-bind communication?
When verbal message contradicts the nonverbal message and receiver isn’t sure which to respond to.
Formula for calculating gtts per min.
(Volume to be infused X drip factor) divided by time in minutes= drops/ minute
Which do you remove first when leaving room with precautions- mask or gloves?
Gloves
What is a “shift to the left”?
Number of Immature cells (bands) in the blood increases to fight infection.
What is “shift to the right”?
Number of MATURE cells in blood increases. Seen in advanced liver disease and pernicious anemia.
3 phases of therapeutic relationship
Orientation
Working
Termination
Order of abdominal assessment
Inspection
Auscultation
Palpation
Percussion
What is Romberg’s test?
Tests gait and balance
Where is most water absorbed in the body?
The most nutrients?
Water- large intestine
Nutrients- small intestine
