Misc Flashcards
nutrients vines need
macro: nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; calcium; magnesium (sulfur)
micro: iron; zinc; manganese; copper
p gris/grigio syn
rulander; grauburgunder; malvoisie; Szürkebarát; tokay d’alsace (no longer allowed post 2007)
tempranillo syn
ull de llebre; cencibel; tinto del pais
portugal: tinta roriz; aragonez
valdepenas
organic wine
uses organic principles in farming - means no chemical pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, or fertilizers. typically organic wines refers to wines made from grapes which were farmed organically.
it has seen massive growth in recent years
what constitutes organic wine varies depending on the country. certain countries like the US and Australia have fairly strict rules outlining what is considered organic and certification is doled out by third party organizations
the addition of sulphites is accepted by some winemakers and eschewed y others. wines without tend to be best for early drinking. In the US organic wines cannot have added sulphites.
In Europe wine cannot legally be labeled as ‘organic wine’
riesling
aromatic white grape from Germany which is notably found in Germany, Austria, Alsace, Australia in addition to parts of the US, New Zealand, and eastern europe.
bone dry to fully sweet, botryzied versions and ice wines, high acid but tends to be low alcohol. it does best in cool climates and is noted for it’s minerality, and the way in which it expresses its terroir. valued for being food friendly.
it is considered by many to be one of the finest white wines around in spite of previous bad reputation and is one of the longest lived white wines, capable of ageing for decades. as it ages, the petrol-like aroma which is caused by a compound called trimeythl dihydronapthalene tends to increase.
tends to taste like: green apple, citrus, floral,
warmer climates - stone fruit, citrus. very limey in australia
name factors that enable winemaker sin bdx to be able to grow cab
warming influence of the gulf stream
protection of Landes forest
gravel soils (well-draining, store hear)
why are different muscats used in alsace
ottonel is more disease and rot resistance despite not being as expressive or making as high quality wines
reductive
no oxygen
oxidative
sees oxygen
most common symptoms linked to nutritional deficency
chlorosis - discolouration of leaves. best solution to this problem is tolerant rootstocks
vouvray soil types
perruche (flint and clay)
aubuis (chalk and clay)
chinon soil types
tuffeau - tufa, porous
clay - alluvial
varennes - sandy alluvial
white wine when does pressing occur
before fermentation
red and rose wine when does pressing occur
after fermentation
examples of countries where chaptalization is allowed
alsace; burgundy; bdx; champagne canada oregon; new york; new zealand chile
where is acidification allowed
warm climate e.g. Argentina, Australia, California, Washington State, Italy, and South Africa.
chaptalisation is illegal in
illegal in california; australia; austria; italy; germany (pradikat); greece spain portugal south africa
acidification illegal/seldom found in
Northern France, Germany, Austria, Oregon, and New Zealand.
benefits of VSP
(type of trellis)
good for mechanized vineyards and low vigour vines
can produce excessive yields and shading (which is good in hot regions as it can help protect grapes)
in cool climate it is good if growers prune leaves and in doing so exposure the bunches to more sun.
VSP
shoots are trained up wires meaning grapes aren’t shaded
chablis grand crus
one aoc divided into seven
Bougros Les Preuses Vaudésir Grenouilles - smallest Valmur Les Clos - largest Blanchot (unofficial) La Moutonne
temp for wine storage
btwn 10-15 C
how many fr departements have igps
54 out of 100
what is albariza
a white marl composed of clay, calcium, and the remains of fossilized sea creatures. it is found in Jerez.
Reflects sunlight back onto the grapes and helps grapes to ripen
areas with this soil = Jerez superior
Retains moisture - important in the hot region. stores rainfall. allows roots to dig deep for nutrients.
good for palomino grapes
(other soils in the area inc. barros (clay) and arenas (sand)
the pago Marchanudo has a high concentration of albariza.
dom pruning system in Alsace
guyot
conditions needed for MLF
warm temps, low SO2
areas exp hail
mendoza
burgundy
chablis
beaujolais
