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2 Miscelleanous > MIsc > Flashcards

MIsc Flashcards

1
Q

In HIV positive pregnant mothers, immunogobulin is given to baby after birth to prevent HIV transmission - T or F?

A

F.

To prevent HIV transmission, do not breast feed, delivery by caeseran and give antivirals to mother and child

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2
Q

All herpesviridae are ss/ds DNA/RNA viruses

A

DsDNA

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3
Q

HSV 1 or HSV 2 is more prevelance in UK?

A

HSV1

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4
Q

Mollaret’s meningitis is caused by

HPV type 6 and 11
HSV 2
EBV
CMV
RSV
A

HSV2

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5
Q

What is the commonest cause of viral encephalitis?

A

HSV

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6
Q

What antivirals are used to treat HSV?

A

Aciclovir and valaciclovir

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7
Q

What is the MoA of aciclovir

A

Inhibits viral polymerase

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8
Q

Difference between aciclovir and valaciclovir?

A

Valaciclovir enables less frequent dosing, is a prodrug with better bioavailability

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9
Q

What is the incubation period for chickenpox

A

8-21 days average 14 days

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10
Q

How many doses of MMR is required?

A

2 doses

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11
Q

What is the commonest cause of congenital infection in the uk?

CMV
HIV
Influenza A
Rotavirus
Rubella virus
A

CMV

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12
Q

Symptoms of congenital CMV infection

A

Growth retardation
Jaundice
Hepatosplenomegaly
Encephalitis

Death in 20% if not, neurological problems

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13
Q

How does hematopoetic stemcell transplantation cause CMV infection?

A

Highest risk when recipient has had CMV but donated tissue does not have CMV antibodies/T cells

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14
Q

Symptoms of CMV infection in immunocompromised

A

Fever, neutropenia

Pneumonitis
GI disease
Retinitis
Hepatitis
Myocarditis
Encephalitis
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15
Q

What virus causes an owl eye inclusion to be seen in histology

A

CMV

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16
Q

Ganciclovir can be used for CMV infections - T or F

A

T

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17
Q

What is the MoA of ganciclovir

A

Inhibit viral DNA polymerase

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18
Q

CMV vaccination is part of the schedule in UK - T or F?

A

False, there is no license CMV vaccine

19
Q

What virus causes the colloqual “kissing disease”?

A

EBV

20
Q

What virus causes “mono”

A

EBV

21
Q 
Which virus is burkitt's lymphoma associated with
VZV
EBV
CMV
HIV
HPV
HSV
A

EBV

22
Q

What is the MoA of rituximab

A

Antibody against B cells.

23
Q

What does EBV IgM +ve and EBV EBNA IgG -ve mean?

A

Primary infection of EBV

24
Q

Which virus is associated with kaposi’s sarcoma?

A

HHV 8

25
Q

Which of these have been associated with Guillan Barre’s syndrome

EBV
CMV
HIV
HSV
HPV 
HHV
N meningitis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Campylobacter jejuni
Haemophilius influenzae
E coli
A

EBV
CMV
Campylobacter jejuni

26
Q

Describe cold agglutinin disease

A

Autoimmune haemolytic disease where IgM attack RBC when the body is at a lower temperature.

27
Q 
Which of these is related to cold agglutinin disease
N meningitis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Campylobacter jejuni
Haemophilius influenzae
E coli
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Plasmodium falciparum
Staphylococcus aureus
A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

28
Q

What kind of infections is flucloxacillin good for

A

Soft tissue gram positive infections

29
Q

What class of antibiotic is flucloxicilin

A

Beta lactams

30
Q

Flucloxacillin is insensitive to beta lactamase producing bacteria - T or F?

A

True, flocloxacilling can be used on meta lactamase producing bacteria

31
Q

Anaemia is a symptom of hookworm - T or F

A

T

32
Q

What time of the day should a blood test for Loa Loa infection be done?

A

During the day

33
Q

What is the treatment for Loa loa infection

A

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)

34
Q

What antibiotics are given for TB

A

Isoniazid and rifampicin

35
Q

MoA and class of gentamicin

A

Aminoglycoside

Binds to 30s subunit

36
Q

Class and MoA of erythromycin

A

Macrolide

Binds to 50s

37
Q

How does metronidazole work

A

Forms toxic metabolites in the pathogen, degrade DNA

38
Q

Which bacteria cause bloody and watery diarrhea?

Salmonella
Vibrio
Bacillus cereus
Shigella
S. Aureus
C. Perfringens
Campylobacter
E Coli
A

Watery - ETC Ecoli, vibrio, bacillus cereus, S aureus, C Perfringens

Bloody - shigella, E coli 0157

BOTH - salmonella, campylobacter

39
Q

Main source of campylobacter infection

A

Farm animals, raw milk, cross contamination with raw/uncookd food.

40
Q

What two toxins are made by C Diff?

A

Enterotoxin A and cytotoxin B

41
Q

What drugs have interactions with NSAIDs

A

ACEI Diuretics, blunt the effectiveness of them.

42
Q

What is lipocortin AKA Annexin, and how can it be targeted

A

It is a protein inhibitor of phospholipase A2, upstream of the COS pathway.

Glucocorticoids like beclomethasone increase expression of Annexin, thereby increasing inhibition of phospholipase A2 pathway.

43
Q

MoA of benzodiazapines

A

Modulator of GABAa receptor, increasing chloride influx, reducing activity.

2 Miscelleanous (5 decks)

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