Misc Flashcards
When do you recheck Vitamin D?
Typically after 3 months of therapy
What is toxicity for Vitamin D?
> 150 ng/dL
Why does so much bone loss occur around menopause?
Estrogen is protective against bone loss.
What can a high calcium level indicate?
Problem with parathyroid. Low Vitamin D, high Calcium. A parathyroid problem will increase bone breakdown.
What is a risk factor for younger women and osteoporosis?
Surgical menopause
Does HYPO- or HYPERthyroidism count as a risk factor for osteoporosis?
HYPOthyroidism
Do bisphosphonates act on osteoblastic or osteoclastic activity?
Osteoclastic
When do you take bisphosphonates?
On an empty stomach (30 minutes before).
What decreases absorption of bisphosphonates?
OJ and coffee
What is the T5 of bisphosphonates?
Exceeds 10 years
Which osteoporosis med can be taken without regard to meals?
Raloxifene (Evista)
What is the onset of Raloxifene (Evista)?
8 weeks
Which thyroid med has risk of liver damage?
PTU
How do you take Levothyroxine?
On an empty stomach
Strattera has a lot of drug interactions, but particularly with what kind of meds?
Antidepressants
Which PO med is poorly absorbed from the GI tract and so only effective for infections of GI tract?
Amphotericin B
Why aren’t imidazole antifungals given orally?
Not absorbed from GI tract.
What clinical pearl can help with diagnosis of fungal vs dermatitis?
If you treat fungus with a steroid cream, it will get worse.
If you treat dermatitis with an antifungal, it will most likely not improve.
T/F Diaper rash is candida.
False. It can be candida, fungal, or both.
Which med is used for herpes labialis?
Zovirax
Which antiviral is avoided in patients with seizure history?
Valacyclovir
Which antiviral is considered safe in renal failure?
Famciclovir
Which acid should not be used in children?
Salicylic acid
T/F Antivirals cure the flu.
False
Which flu med is contraindicated in milk allergies?
Zanamivir (inhaled)
Which flu meds cover both A and B?
Neuraminidase inhibitors
Which flu meds cover only B?
Amantadine and Rimantadine
T/F Molluscum is treated similarly to warts.
True
What causes impetigo?
Staph, Strep
What causes ecthyema?
Strep
What causes folliculitis?
Primarily coagulase positive staph
What causes furuncles?
Staph
What causes cellulitis?
Group A strep, Staph, H. flu
What is the length of treatment for oral antibiotics in MRSA topical infections?
10 days
T/F Pustules are indications of infection.
False. They are inflammation.
What is acne?
Disorder of the pilosebaceous gland.
What food product can’t be taken with oral antibiotics for acne?
No dairy 1 hour before or 2 hours after b/c it inactivates antibiotic.
This acts on nerve cell membranes to disrupt the Na+ channel, which results in paralysis of pests. It is bactericidal.
Elimite cream
Which lice med is neurotoxic and can’t be used on children
Lindane
Which med is great for children and thin skin (face) for eczema?
Topical calcineurin inhibitors
Why do you apply wet compresses before treatment in seborrheic dermatitis?
Improves absorption
Inhibits the maturation and activation of T cells and blocks the transcriptional activation of several lymphokine genes.
TAC
Synthetic molecule that enhances both innate and acquired immune response, especially cell-mediate immune pathways, by stimulating monocytes and macrophages via binding to cell surface receptors.
Imiquimod
What is the difference between dry skin on inner arm and dry skin on elbow?
Inner arm is eczema. Elbow is psoriasis.
Why do keratolytics help in psoriasis?
Help alleviate plaque buildup.
All systemic agents for psoriasis require what?
Monthly LFTs and specialty management.
