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PSA > Misc > Flashcards

Misc Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs can worsen glycaemic control in diabetes

A

Thiazides, furosemide, steroids, tacrolimus, ciclosporin, interferon-alpha, nicotinic acid, antipsychotics, beta-blockers

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2
Q

What drugs aggregate urinary retention

A

TCAs, anticholinerics, opioids, NSAIDs, disopyramide

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3
Q

What drugs can aggregate psoriasis

A

Lithium, ACEI, betablockers, alcohol, anti-malarials NSAIDs, infliximab

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4
Q

What drugs can cause hepatotoxicity

A

Sulfonylureas, sodium valproate, amiodarone, rifampicin, pioglitazone, methotrexate, isoniazid, phenytoin, ciclosporin

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5
Q

What drugs are safe for breastfeeding

A

TCAs, heparin, levothyroxine, warfarin, b-blockers, carbmazepine, trimethoprim, antipsychotics, glucocorticoids, theophyllines, penicillins, cephalosporins, hydralazine

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6
Q

What drugs are NOT safe for breastfeeding?

A

Tetracyclines, lithium, aspirin, methotrexate, amiodarone, sulphonamides, sulphonylureas, ciprofloxacin, benzos, carbimazole

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7
Q

Severe SE of nitrofurantoin

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

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8
Q

What drug can cause gout?

A

Pyrazinamide

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9
Q

What drug can cause optic neuritis

A

Ethambutol

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10
Q

What drug can cause nystagmus

A

Phenytoin

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11
Q

What drugs can cause constipation?

A

Opioids, antipsychotics, verapamil, TCAs

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12
Q

SE of dry mouth

A

Amitriptyline

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13
Q

What drugs can exacerbate HF

A

Thiazolidinedions, verapamil, NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, flecainide

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14
Q

Drugs caution in asthmatics

A

NSAIDs, b-blockers, adenosine

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15
Q

What two drugs should not be prescribed together due to risk of life-threatening bradycardias

A

b-blockers & verapamil

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16
Q

Drugs which can cause SIADH

A

Sulphonulureas, SSRIs, TCAs, carbamazepine, vincristine, cyclophosphamide

17
Q

side effects of glucocorticoids

A

Endo: impaired glucose regulation, increased appetite / weight gain, hirsutism, hyperlipidaemia
Cushing’s syndrome: moon face, buffalo hump, striae
MSK: OP, proximal myopathy, avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Immunosuppression: increased susceptibility to severe infection, reactivation of tuberculosis
Psychiatric: insomnia, mania, depression, psychosis
GI: peptic ulcers, acute pancreatitis
Ophthalmic: glaucoma, cataracts
Suppression of growth in children, intracranial hypertension, neutrophilia

18
Q

What drugs can cause constiptation

A

Antimuscarinics: hyoscine, oxybutynin, tolterodine, TCAs, anti-psychotics
Iron salts, calcium and aluminium salts
Verapamil
Opioids

19
Q

P450 induces (increase INR)

A

AEDs: phenytoin, carbamazepine
Phenobarbitone
Rifampicin
St John’s wort
Chronic alcohol intake
Smoking

20
Q

P450 inhibitors (decrease INR)

A

Abx: ciprofloxacin, erythromycin
Antifungals: fluconazole, imidazole, ketoconazole
Antiretrovirals: ritonavir
SSRIs: fluoxetine, sertraline
Isonazid
Cimetidine, omeprazole
Amiodarone
Allopurinol
Sodium valproate
Acute alcohol intake
Quinupristin
Tamoxifen
Grapefruit juice

21
Q

Drugs which can prolong the QT interval

A

Amiodarone
Anti-psychotics
Quinolones
Macrolides
SSRIs
TCAs
Quinine
Haloperidol
Ondansetron

22
Q

Drugs causing hypokalaemia

A

Insulin
Salbutamol
Loop diuretics

23
Q

Drugs causing hyperkalaemia

A

ACEIs / ARBs
Aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone)
K+ sparing diuretics
KCl fluids

24
Q

SE and CI of gentamycin

A

SE ototoxicity
CI in myasthenia gravis

25
Q

What drugs can precipitate hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Sedatives - antihistamines and benzos
Hypokalaemic drugs: thiazide and loop diuretics
Constipating drugs: opioids, Ca channel blockers

26
Q

What 2 drugs require dosage reduction in severe liver failure

A

Metronidazole and most B-blockers

27
Q

What medications require dosage adjustment in the context of smoking cessation

A

Clozapine and theophylline / aminophylline

28
Q

Mneumonic for drugs which prolong QT intervsal

A

TOOORSADES
Thiazides
Ondansetron, opioids, quinolones, quinine
Risperidone (antipsychiatrics)
Solatol (anti-arrhythmics)
Antihistamines
[anti]Depressants (TCAs)
Erythromycin
SSRIs

PSA (6 decks)

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