Minor ailments Flashcards
5Ds in dealing with nicotine withdrawal
- Delay
- Drink water
- Distract
- Deep breath
- Discuss
6 stages of change in smoking cessation
- Pre-contemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintenance
- Relapse
- Termination (for at least 6 months)
Maximum duration for use of NRT
6 months
Regimen for using Nicorette patch
25, 15, 10 mg
At least 15 sticks/day:
- 8/2/2
Less than 15 sticks/day:
- 8/4
Regimen for using Nicotinell patch
> 20 sticks/day:
- 4/4/4
20 or less sticks/day:
- 8/4
Maximum number of nicotine gum per day
Nicorette:
- 2 mg: 24
- 4 mg: 15
Nicotinell:
- 2 mg: 30
- 4 mg: 24
Maximum number of nicotine lozenge per day
20
Caution for NRT
- Recent MI/unstable angina, severe arrhythmias, TIA/stroke
- Uncontrolled DM
- Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism/pheochromocytoma
- Severe gastritis, PUD
- Patient undergoing MRI scans (for patches)
Dose for Varenicline for smoking cessation
- 0.5 mg OD x 3 days
- 0.5 mg BD x 4 days
- 1 mg BD x rest of 12 weeks
Dose for bupropion for smoking cessation
- 150 mg OD x 3 days
- 150 mg BD x 7-12 weeks course
MOA of minoxidil
Increase duration of anagen
Shorten telogen
Duration for Minoxidil to be effective
- Min 2 months (5%) and 4 months (2%)
- Failure = no response by 8 months (women) and 12 months (men) after 2% or 4 months (men) after 5%
Realistic weight loss goal
- Not >0.5-1 kg/week
- 5-10% within 6 months
Calculation of BMI
kg / m2
Xenical indication
BMI at least 30 OR
BMI at least 28 with other CV risk factors
Fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
Medications that can stimulate appetite
Megesterol acetate
Dexamethasone
Mirtazapine
Appelin syrup (Vit B2 & 12)
Exclusion for lice treatment
<2 y.o.
Pregnancy/breastfeeding
Involvement of eyelid/eyebrows
Lice treatment
- Permethrin 5% (leave on x 5 mins and rinse), single application with optional repeat after 7 days
- For infants <6 months - Malathion 0.5% (leave on for 8-12 hours and wash off), single application with optional repeat after 7 days
- For infants >6 months
Distribution of scabies
Interdigital spaces of fingers
Flexor of wrist
External male genitalia etc.
Scabies treatment
- Permethrin 5% apply from neck to feet. Wash off after 8-14 hours. May repeat after 7 days
- Malathion 0.5% wash off after 24 hours. May repeat after 7 days
- Crotamiton 10% OD x 5 days
Treatment of N/V in children
For >6 years old
- Diphenhydramine 12.5-25 mg q4-6 hours
- Dimenhydrinate 25-50 mg q6-8 hours
- Promethazine 12.5-25 mg q4-6 hours
May consider higher age cutoff e.g. >12 y.o.
Timing to start motion sickness prophylaxis
Promethazine & dimenhydrinate > can be used for children <6 y.o. > 30-60 mins prior
Cinnarizine > only for > 6 y.o. > 2 hours prior
Scopolamine patch > every 72 hours > 6-8 hours prior
Treatment of pinworm infection
> 2 y.o.: 400 mg on empty stomach
1-2 y.o.: 200 mg on empty stomach
